Pasture Raised Beef Kibble + Air Dried Meat for Dogs

Bovine Meat, Bos Taurus Meat, Cattle Meat, Bovine Muscle Tissue

Beef meat is a high-quality animal-derived ingredient sourced from cattle. It serves as a rich source of protein, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, supporting muscle development and overall health in pets. In pet food, beef meat is used in its natural form, providing both palatability and nutritional value while contributing to a balanced and complete diet.

Beef meat is included as a primary animal protein source to meet nutritional requirements and enhance palatability for dogs. Its presence also serves as a marketing advantage, appealing to consumers seeking recognisable, high-quality ingredients.

Rendered Beef, Dried Rendered Bovine Protein, Rendered Bovine Meal, Bovine Meal

Beef meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from rendered beef, an animal source. It is produced by cooking and drying beef tissues to remove most of the moisture and fat, resulting in a nutrient-dense powder. Beef meal is primarily included in pet food to provide high-quality protein and essential amino acids. It is not used in its natural form but as a processed, rendered meal for digestibility and nutrient consistency.

Beef meal is included as a concentrated protein source that provides essential amino acids while allowing for efficient nutrient delivery in a cost-effective manner. Its dehydrated form also optimises product stability and shelf life compared to fresh meat.

Rendered Chicken, Chicken Protein Meal, Dehydrated Gallus Gallus Domesticus, Rendered Gallus Gallus Domesticus

Chicken meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from rendered, clean chicken flesh and skin, excluding feathers, heads, feet, and entrails. Sourced from animal origin, it serves as a highly digestible protein source, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Chicken meal is not used in its natural whole form but is processed and dried to optimise nutrient density and shelf stability.

Chicken meal is included as a concentrated protein source that provides essential amino acids for pet health while allowing manufacturers to optimise protein content cost-effectively. Its low moisture content also contributes to improved product stability and shelf life.

Southern Peas, Cowpeas, Vigna Unguiculata, Black-Eyed Peas

Field peas are a plant-derived legume commonly included in pet food formulations. Sourced from Pisum sativum, they provide a valuable source of plant protein, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients. Their primary nutritional benefit is to support muscle maintenance and digestive health. Field peas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and digestibility for pets.

Field peas are included as a cost-effective source of protein and carbohydrates, helping to optimise the nutritional profile while managing production costs. They also serve as a label-friendly, grain-free alternative that appeals to consumer preferences.

Oryza Sativa, Paddy, Oryza Sativa Grain, Oryza Spp.

Rice is a cereal grain derived from the seeds of the Oryza sativa plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It serves primarily as a highly digestible source of carbohydrates, providing energy for pets. In pet food, rice is typically used in its natural, whole or milled form, rather than as a processed extract, to optimise digestibility and nutrient availability.

Rice is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and helps create a desirable texture in pet food. It is also easily digestible, making it suitable for sensitive digestive systems and appealing for marketing as a familiar, label-friendly ingredient.

Poultry Oil, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Oil, Rendered Chicken Fat, Chicken Fat

Chicken oil is a fat derived from the tissue of chickens, making it an animal-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food as a concentrated source of energy and to enhance palatability. Chicken oil is used in its refined form, not as a raw fat, to ensure safety, stability, and optimal absorption of essential fatty acids for pets’ health.

Chicken oil is included as a highly digestible animal fat source to enhance palatability and provide concentrated energy. It also contributes essential fatty acids that support skin and coat health, aligning with consumer expectations for animal-based ingredients.

Poultry Gravy, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Gravy, Chicken Sauce, Poultry Sauce

Chicken gravy is a flavourful ingredient derived from the cooking juices of chicken, an animal source. It is primarily included in pet food to enhance palatability and provide a savoury taste that encourages consumption. Chicken gravy is used in its cooked, liquid form rather than as a raw ingredient, ensuring both safety and digestibility for pets.

Chicken gravy is included to enhance palatability, making the product more appealing to pets. It may also serve as a label-friendly ingredient that signals quality and flavour to consumers.

Dried Sugar Beet Pulp, Sugar Beet Fibre, Beta Vulgaris Pulp, Sugar Beet Residue

Beet pulp is a fibrous by-product derived from sugar beet plants after sugar extraction. It serves as a valuable source of moderately fermentable fibre, supporting digestive health and stool quality in pets. Beet pulp is incorporated in its dried, processed form rather than as raw beet, ensuring optimal digestibility and nutrient availability for companion animals.

Beet pulp is included as a cost-effective source of dietary fibre to promote digestive health and stool quality in pets. It also serves as a bulk-adding agent, helping to optimise product texture and satiety.

Cassava, Manioc, Yuca, Manihot Esculenta

Tapioca is a starch extracted from the root of the cassava plant, a tropical crop native to South America. As a plant-derived ingredient, its primary purpose in pet food is to provide a highly digestible source of carbohydrates and energy. Tapioca is used in its natural, processed form as a purified starch, not as whole cassava root, ensuring safety and digestibility.

Tapioca is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and helps bind kibble, contributing to the desired texture and structure of the final product. Its neutral flavour and hypoallergenic properties also make it suitable for formulating diets for pets with sensitivities.

Solar Salt, Marine Salt, Sodium Chloride, Sal Marinum

Sea salt is a mineral ingredient derived from the evaporation of seawater. It is primarily included in pet food to provide essential electrolytes, such as sodium and chloride, which support hydration and nerve function. Sea salt is not used in its raw crystalline form but is refined and utilised as a food-grade compound to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal nutrient absorption.

Sea salt is included as a palatability enhancer to improve flavour and encourage pet consumption. It may also function as a mineral source and assist in product preservation.

Fish Oil (Salmo Spp.), Salmo Spp. Oil, Salmonidae Oil, Omega-3 Marine Oil (Salmo Spp.)

Salmon oil is a nutrient-rich oil derived from the tissues of salmon, an animal source. It is primarily included in pet food for its high content of omega-3 fatty acids, which support skin, coat, and joint health. Salmon oil is utilised in its extracted liquid form, rather than as whole fish, to optimise absorption and deliver concentrated nutritional benefits.

Salmon oil is included as a source of omega-3 fatty acids to support skin and coat health, which can enhance the nutritional profile of the product. Its presence also serves as a marketing feature, appealing to consumers seeking premium or functional ingredients.

Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil, Helianthus Annuus Oil, E471, Huile de Tournesol

Sunflower seed oil is a plant-derived oil extracted from the seeds of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus). It is primarily included in pet food for its high content of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid, which supports skin and coat health. Sunflower seed oil is utilised in its refined liquid form, not as whole seeds, to optimise digestibility and nutrient availability for pets.

Sunflower seed oil is included as a cost-effective source of unsaturated fats and essential fatty acids, supporting skin and coat health in pets. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to health-conscious consumers.

Solanum Tuberosum, Irish Potato, White Potato, Eirinn Potato

Potato is a starchy tuber derived from the plant Solanum tuberosum, commonly cultivated for both human and animal consumption. In pet food, potato serves primarily as a source of digestible carbohydrates and dietary fibre, supporting energy needs and digestive health. Potato is included in its natural, whole food form, providing a hypoallergenic alternative to common grains in premium pet diets.

Potato is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and bulk to pet food formulations. It also serves as a grain-free alternative to traditional fillers, appealing to consumers seeking grain-free options.

Whole Grain Rice, Unpolished Rice, Oryza Sativa, Cargo Rice

Brown rice is a whole grain derived from the rice plant (Oryza sativa) and retains its bran and germ layers, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food as a source of complex carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and essential nutrients. Brown rice is used in its natural, unrefined form, providing slow-release energy and supporting digestive health in pets.

Brown rice is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and bulk to pet food formulations. It is also considered a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking whole grains in their pets’ diets.

Black Treacle, Cane Molasses, E150a, Saccharum Officinarum Extract

Molasses is a thick, dark syrup derived from the processing of sugar cane or sugar beet plants. It is primarily included in pet food as a natural source of energy and to enhance palatability. Molasses is used in its natural form, providing carbohydrates, trace minerals, and a distinctive flavour that can improve acceptance of the final product by pets.

Molasses is included as a palatability enhancer to improve taste and aroma, encouraging pet acceptance of the food. It may also serve as a natural source of sugar, contributing to texture and aiding in the binding of kibble.

Trimethylethanolamine Chloride, Choline Monochloride, E1001, 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-Trimethylethanaminium Chloride

Choline chloride is a synthetic compound derived from choline, an essential nutrient typically sourced from plant or animal origins. It is primarily included in pet food to support healthy brain function, liver metabolism, and cellular structure. Choline is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as choline chloride to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Choline chloride is included as an essential nutrient to support normal liver function and brain health in pets. It is a cost-effective way to meet regulatory requirements for choline content in complete and balanced pet foods.

Zinc Bisglycinate Chelate, Zinc Glycinate Chelate, Zinc Amino Chelate, Zinc Amino Acid Complex

Zinc Amino Acid Chelate is a mineral supplement derived from the chelation of zinc with amino acids, enhancing its bioavailability for pets. Sourced from mineral origins, it is not used in its natural metallic state but is instead utilised as a chelated compound to optimise absorption and safety. Its primary benefit is supporting immune function, skin health, and overall metabolic processes.

Zinc amino acid chelate is included to provide a bioavailable source of zinc, supporting essential metabolic and immune functions in pets. Its chelated form optimises nutrient absorption and allows for more precise labelling of added minerals.

Iron Bisglycinate, Ferrous Bisglycinate, Amino Acid Chelated Iron, Chelated Iron

Iron Amino Acid Chelate is a mineral compound derived by binding iron to amino acids, enhancing its stability and absorption in pet food. Sourced from mineral origins, it is not used in its natural metallic state but is instead utilised as a chelated form to optimise bioavailability. Its primary purpose is to support healthy blood formation and prevent iron deficiency in pets.

Iron amino acid chelate is included to provide a bioavailable source of iron, supporting essential metabolic functions in pets. Its chelated form optimises nutrient absorption and allows for precise labelling of added minerals.

Tocopherol, Alpha-Tocopherol, E307, D-Alpha-Tocopherol

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin derived from plant sources such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. It functions primarily as an antioxidant, helping to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and supporting immune health. In pet food, Vitamin E is not used in its natural raw form but is typically utilised as a stabilised compound, such as tocopherol acetate, to optimise safety and absorption.

Vitamin E is included as a natural antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of fats and oils in the product, thereby extending shelf life. It also serves as a label-friendly nutrient that appeals to consumers seeking added health benefits for their pets.

Garbanzo Beans, Cicer Arietinum, Bengal Gram, Egyptian Pea

Chickpeas are edible legumes derived from the plant Cicer arietinum, commonly cultivated for their high nutritional value. As a plant-based ingredient, chickpeas are primarily included in pet food for their rich protein, fibre, and complex carbohydrate content, supporting digestive health and sustained energy. Chickpeas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and digestibility for pets.

Chickpeas are included as a cost-effective carbohydrate and protein source, providing bulk and nutritional value while supporting grain-free product labelling. Their use can also enhance the fibre content and appeal to consumers seeking plant-based or alternative ingredients.

Chalk, Limestone, E170, Marble Dust

Calcium carbonate is a naturally occurring mineral compound derived from sources such as limestone or marine shells. It is primarily included in pet food as a source of calcium, essential for healthy bones, teeth, and metabolic functions. Calcium carbonate is not used in its raw mineral state; instead, it is processed into a purified, food-grade compound to optimise safety and bioavailability for pets.

Calcium carbonate is included as a cost-effective mineral supplement to provide a bioavailable source of calcium, supporting bone health and proper nutritional balance. It also functions as a pH stabiliser, contributing to product consistency and shelf stability.

Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3, Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid, E375

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant or animal sources. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, nerves, and digestion in pets. Niacin is not used in its raw form but is typically included as a safe, bioavailable compound such as niacinamide or nicotinic acid.

Niacin is included as an essential B vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and support metabolic health in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

E508, Muriate of Potash, Potassium Monochloride, KCl

Potassium chloride is a mineral compound derived from the element potassium, typically sourced from naturally occurring mineral deposits. It is utilised in pet food as a purified salt rather than in its raw metallic form, ensuring safety and optimal absorption. Its primary purpose is to provide essential potassium, which supports nerve function, muscle contraction, and fluid balance in companion animals.

Potassium chloride is included as a cost-effective mineral supplement to help meet pets’ dietary potassium requirements. It also functions as a salt substitute to optimise electrolyte balance in the formulation.

Copper Amino Acid Complex, Copper Amino Acid Chelated, Chelated Copper Amino Acid, Copper Glycinate

Copper Amino Acid Chelate is a mineral ingredient derived from copper, an essential trace element, bound to amino acids to enhance absorption and bioavailability. It is included in pet food to support healthy red blood cell formation, immune function, and connective tissue development. Copper is not used in its natural metallic state but is instead utilised as a chelated compound for safety and optimal nutrient uptake.

Copper amino acid chelate is included as a bioavailable source of the essential trace mineral copper, supporting metabolic and enzymatic functions in pets. Its chelated form optimises absorption and allows for precise nutrient labelling to meet regulatory requirements.

Tocopherols, E306, Natural Tocopherols Concentrate, D-Alpha Tocopherol Concentrate

Mixed tocopherols are a blend of compounds derived from plant oils, primarily functioning as a source of vitamin E. Their main purpose in pet food is to act as natural antioxidants, helping to preserve the freshness of fats and oils. Rather than being used in their isolated, pure form, mixed tocopherols are incorporated as stabilised extracts to optimise safety, efficacy, and nutrient retention.

Mixed tocopherols are included as a natural preservative to extend shelf life by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils in pet food. They are often used as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives to appeal to consumer preferences for natural ingredients.

Smoke Flavour, Liquid Smoke, Smoke Condensate, Smoke Extract

Natural smoke flavour is a functional ingredient derived from the condensation of wood smoke, typically from hardwoods, and is classified as a plant-based additive. Its primary purpose is to enhance palatability by imparting a smoky aroma and taste to pet food. Natural smoke flavour is not used in its raw smoke form but is instead utilised as a liquid or powder extract for safety and consistency.

Natural smoke flavour is included to enhance palatability by imparting a desirable aroma and taste that appeals to pets. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient, allowing manufacturers to market the product as having a more natural and appetising profile.

Vitamin B5, D-Pantothenic Acid, E101d, Calcium Pantothenate

Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble B-vitamin (vitamin B5) of synthetic origin, as it is not typically extracted directly from natural sources for pet food. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and the synthesis of fatty acids. In pet food, pantothenic acid is not used in its raw form but is provided as a stable compound, such as calcium pantothenate, to optimise absorption and safety.

Pantothenic acid is included as an essential B vitamin to support metabolic function and overall health in pets, helping manufacturers meet nutritional requirements for complete and balanced pet food labelling. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards and appeals to consumers seeking scientifically formulated diets.

E34, Manganum, Mn, EINECS 231-105-1

Manganese is an essential trace mineral sourced from the earth and is vital for numerous metabolic processes in pets. It primarily supports bone development, enzyme function, and antioxidant defence. Manganese is not used in its natural metallic state; instead, it is incorporated into pet food as a safe, bioavailable compound such as manganese sulphate or manganese oxide to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Manganese is included as an essential trace mineral to support metabolic and skeletal health in pets, fulfilling nutritional requirements for complete and balanced pet food. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards and appeals to consumers seeking scientifically formulated diets.

Koji, Aspergillus Oryzae Ferment, Sake Lees, Rice Koji

Fermented rice is a plant-derived ingredient produced by allowing rice grains to undergo controlled microbial fermentation. It is primarily included in pet food for its enhanced digestibility and to support gut health through the presence of beneficial postbiotics. Fermented rice is used in its natural, whole-food form, ensuring pets receive the nutritional and functional benefits of the original grain and its fermentation by-products.

Fermented rice is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that can improve digestibility and provide beneficial prebiotics. Its use may also support product labelling by appealing to consumers seeking functional or "natural" ingredients.

Vitamin B2, E101, Lactoflavin, 7,8-Dimethyl-10-Ribityl Isoalloxazine

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic origin commonly added to pet foods. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system function. Riboflavin is not used in its natural form but is typically utilised as a synthesised compound to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Riboflavin is included as an essential vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and ensure regulatory compliance for complete and balanced pet food labelling. Its addition helps optimise the product’s nutrient profile without significantly impacting cost or palatability.

Selen, E578, Atomic Number 34, Se

Selenium is an essential trace mineral sourced from the earth, typically derived from plant or yeast-based compounds for pet food use. It plays a crucial role in supporting antioxidant defences and thyroid function. Selenium is not used in its natural, raw metallic state; instead, it is utilised as a safe, bioavailable compound such as sodium selenite or selenomethionine to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Selenium is included as an essential trace mineral to meet nutritional requirements and support overall health in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food formulations.

Allium Sativum Powder, Dehydrated Garlic, Ground Garlic, Allium Sativum

Garlic powder is a dehydrated and finely ground form of garlic, a plant-derived ingredient from the Allium family. It is primarily included in pet food for its natural antioxidant properties and potential to support immune health. Garlic powder is used in its processed, powdered form rather than as fresh cloves, allowing for controlled inclusion and consistent flavour distribution.

Garlic powder is included in pet food formulations primarily as a palatability enhancer to improve flavour and encourage consumption. It may also be used for its perceived health benefits, appealing to consumer preferences, despite its minimal functional impact at low inclusion rates.

Laminaria Spp., Macrocystis Pyrifera, Ascophyllum Nodosum, Brown Seaweed

Kelp is a type of large, edible seaweed sourced from marine environments and classified as a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich supply of natural iodine, which supports healthy thyroid function. Kelp is used in its dried, ground natural form, allowing pets to benefit from its trace minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants in a bioavailable manner.

Kelp is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketing, as it is associated with natural sources of vitamins and minerals. It may also serve as a trace mineral supplement to support nutritional completeness in pet food formulations.

Vitamin B1, Aneurin, Thiamin, E101

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is a water-soluble vitamin of plant origin, commonly sourced from grains and yeast. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports nervous system function in pets. Thiamine is not used in its raw or natural state but is typically utilised as thiamine mononitrate or thiamine hydrochloride to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Thiamine is included as an essential vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and prevent deficiency-related health issues in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food formulations.

Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Retinyl Acetate, E160a

Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient derived from animal sources (as retinyl esters) or plant sources (as carotenoids). It supports vision, immune function, and skin health in pets. In pet food, Vitamin A is not used in its raw or natural state but is provided as stabilised compounds (such as retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate) to ensure safety, stability, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin A is included as an essential nutrient to support vision, immune function, and overall health in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition also allows manufacturers to optimise the nutritional profile and comply with regulatory labelling requirements.

Cholecalciferol, Ergocalciferol, Calciferol, E671

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin of animal origin, commonly sourced from fish liver oils or synthesised for inclusion in pet foods. Its primary role is to regulate calcium and phosphorus balance, supporting healthy bones and teeth. Vitamin D is not used in its natural form but is instead utilised as a specific compound, such as cholecalciferol, to ensure safety and optimal absorption.

Vitamin D is included to ensure the finished product meets established nutritional requirements for canine health, supporting bone development and calcium regulation. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims in accordance with regulatory standards.

Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin of animal origin, essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation in pets. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and overall vitality. Vitamin B12 is not used in its natural, raw form but is instead utilised as a specific compound, such as cyanocobalamin, to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin B12 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic and neurological functions in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims.

Phylloquinone, Phytonadione, Phytomenadione, E415

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, essential for blood clotting and bone health in pets. Its primary function is to support normal coagulation processes and maintain skeletal integrity. In pet food, vitamin K is not used in its natural form but is typically utilised as a safe, bioavailable compound such as menadione sodium bisulphite for optimal absorption and efficacy.

Vitamin K is included as an essential nutrient to support normal blood clotting and overall health in pets. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with regulatory labelling standards for complete and balanced pet foods.

Vitamin B6, 3-Hydroxy-4,5-Bis(Hydroxymethyl)-2-Methylpyridine, E101a, Pyridoxol

Pyridoxine, commonly known as vitamin B6, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic origin used in pet foods. It plays a crucial role in protein metabolism, red blood cell formation, and nervous system function. Pyridoxine is not used in its natural plant-derived form but is instead utilised as pyridoxine hydrochloride, a stable compound that ensures safety, consistency, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Pyridoxine is included as a vitamin B6 source to meet nutritional requirements and support metabolic functions in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

Elemental I, E127, Iodum, CAS 7553-56-2

Iodine is an essential trace mineral sourced primarily from seaweed or mineral deposits. It plays a critical role in supporting healthy thyroid function and hormone production in pets. Iodine is not used in its natural elemental form due to safety and bioavailability concerns; instead, it is typically incorporated as a compound such as potassium iodide or calcium iodate to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Iodine is included as an essential trace mineral to support thyroid function and overall metabolic health in pets. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with regulatory labelling standards for complete and balanced pet foods.

Vitamin B7, Vitamin H, D-Biotin, Coenzyme R

Biotin is a water-soluble B-vitamin (vitamin B7) of synthetic origin, commonly included in pet foods to support healthy skin, coat, and metabolic function. Its primary benefit is aiding in the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Biotin is not used in its natural, free form but is instead utilised as a stable, bioavailable compound to optimise absorption and efficacy in pets.

Biotin is included as an essential vitamin to support skin, coat, and metabolic health in pets, fulfilling nutritional requirements for complete and balanced diets. Its addition also allows manufacturers to highlight the inclusion of key micronutrients on product labelling, appealing to health-conscious consumers.

Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid, Pteroylglutamic Acid, Vitamin B9, E920

Folic acid is a synthetic form of vitamin B9, originally derived from plant sources but produced for pet food as a stable, bioavailable compound. Its primary purpose is to support cell division, DNA synthesis, and overall growth in pets. Folic acid is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as a manufactured supplement to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Folic acid is included as a synthetic vitamin to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory requirements for B-vitamin content in pet food. Its addition helps standardise nutrient levels across batches, supporting consistent product labelling and animal health.

Lucerne, Medicago Sativa, Lucerne Grass, Purple Medick

Alfalfa is a nutrient-rich plant ingredient derived from the Medicago sativa species, commonly used in premium pet foods. It serves as a natural source of dietary fibre, vitamins, and minerals, supporting digestive health and overall wellbeing. Alfalfa is included in its natural, dried form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of nutrients without synthetic alteration.

Alfalfa is included as a cost-effective source of plant protein, fibre, and micronutrients, contributing to the nutritional profile of the product. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural or wholesome additions in pet food.

Malus Domestica, Pyrus Malus, Malus Pumila, E Malus

Apple is a fruit derived from the Malus domestica tree, classified as a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its dietary fibre, natural antioxidants, and vitamins, supporting digestive health and immune function. Apple is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its inherent nutrients without synthetic alteration or processing into extracts or concentrates.

Apple is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking recognisable, natural components in pet food. It may also provide a modest source of fibre and natural sweetness to enhance palatability.

Vaccinium Corymbosum, Vaccinium Angustifolium, Bilberry, E163

Blueberry is a small, nutrient-rich fruit of plant origin, commonly sourced from the Vaccinium genus. It is included in pet food primarily for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune health and cellular protection. Blueberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of vitamins, fibre, and phytonutrients as found in fresh fruit.

Blueberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers, leveraging its reputation as a source of antioxidants. Its presence supports marketing claims of added nutritional benefits, though it is typically used in small quantities with minimal impact on the overall nutritional profile for pets.

Daucus Carota, Daucus Carota Root, Daucus Carota Sativa, Wild Carrot

Carrot is a root vegetable of plant origin, widely recognised for its vibrant orange colour and natural sweetness. In pet food, carrot is included in its natural, whole form to provide dietary fibre, beta-carotene (a precursor to vitamin A), and antioxidants. Its primary benefit is supporting digestive health and immune function, while also contributing to overall palatability and nutritional diversity.

Carrot is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking recognisable, natural components and to enhance the product’s perceived nutritional value. It may also provide a modest source of fibre and vitamins, supporting marketing claims of added health benefits.

Vaccinium Macrocarpon, American Cranberry, Large Cranberry, Bearberry

Cranberry is a small, red berry derived from the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant properties and potential support of urinary tract health. Cranberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of phytonutrients, vitamins, and dietary fibre.

Cranberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketability. It may also serve as a natural source of antioxidants, supporting the product’s functional claims.

Hen Egg, Chicken Egg, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Egg, Avian Egg

Egg is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from poultry, commonly used in pet food for its high-quality protein and essential amino acids. It provides vital nutrients that support muscle development and overall health. In pet food, egg is typically included in its natural, whole form—either as dried or fresh egg—ensuring optimal digestibility and nutrient availability for pets.

Egg is included as a high-quality, bioavailable protein source to support muscle development and overall nutrition. It also enhances the product’s nutritional profile, appealing to consumers seeking premium or natural pet food options.

Flaxseed, Linum Usitatissimum, Flax, Flaxseed Oil

Linseed, also known as flaxseed, is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum). It is primarily included in pet food for its high content of omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibre, supporting skin health and digestion. Linseed is used in its natural, whole or ground form to optimise nutrient availability and functional benefits.

Linseed is included as a source of omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibre, supporting skin and coat health as well as digestive function. Its presence also allows manufacturers to market the product as containing plant-based nutrients and functional ingredients.

Petroselinum Crispum, Garden Parsley, Common Parsley, E461

Parsley is a leafy herb of plant origin, commonly used in pet food for its natural antioxidant properties and as a source of vitamins such as vitamin K and C. It is primarily included to support immune health and freshen breath. In pet food formulations, parsley is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring the retention of its beneficial phytonutrients and fibre content.

Parsley is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or recognisable components in pet food. It may also be added for its perceived breath-freshening properties, though its functional impact on canine nutrition is minimal.

Cucurbita Pepo, Cucurbita Maxima, Cucurbita Moschata, Pepo

Pumpkin is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the fruit of the Cucurbita pepo species. It is primarily included in pet food for its dietary fibre content, which supports digestive health and regularity. Pumpkin is used in its natural form, either as fresh, cooked, or dehydrated flesh, providing a source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants beneficial to overall wellbeing.

Pumpkin is included as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural and recognisable components, while also serving as a cost-effective source of fibre and moisture to support digestive health and product texture. Its inclusion can enhance marketing appeal without significantly increasing formulation costs.

Spinacia Oleracea, English Spinach, Common Spinach, Garden Spinach

Spinach is a leafy green vegetable of plant origin, valued for its rich content of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. In pet food, spinach primarily provides dietary fibre, iron, and phytonutrients that support overall health and immune function. Spinach is included in its natural form, ensuring pets benefit from its full nutritional profile without synthetic alteration or processing into extracts.

Spinach is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance the perceived nutritional value of the product. It may also provide a modest source of vitamins and minerals, supporting marketing claims of added health benefits.

Ipomoea Batatas, Kumara, Batata, Camote

Sweet potato is a root vegetable of plant origin, valued for its rich content of complex carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients such as vitamin A. In pet food, sweet potato serves primarily as a digestible energy source and supports digestive health. It is incorporated in its natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and palatability for companion animals.

Sweet potato is included as a cost-effective, highly digestible carbohydrate source that provides energy and dietary fibre. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient appealing to consumers seeking natural, whole-food components in pet food.

Thymus Vulgaris, Garden Thyme, Common Thyme, Thymus Vulgaris Extract

Thyme is a herb derived from the leaves of the Thymus vulgaris plant, commonly used in both culinary and medicinal contexts. In pet food, thyme serves as a natural source of antioxidants and may support digestive health. It is included in its natural, dried leaf form, providing beneficial phytonutrients and flavour without the need for chemical alteration or processing.

Thyme is included as a label-friendly botanical ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking natural or holistic pet food formulations. It may also provide minor antioxidant properties, supporting product marketing claims related to health and wellness.

Curdled Milk, Fermented Milk, Cultured Milk, Lactobacillus Spp.

Yoghurt is a cultured dairy product derived from the fermentation of milk by beneficial bacteria. As an animal-based ingredient, it provides a source of protein, calcium, and probiotics, supporting digestive and immune health in pets. Yoghurt is included in its natural form, ensuring the retention of live cultures and nutrients, which contribute to its functional and nutritional benefits in pet food formulations.

Yoghurt is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking perceived digestive or probiotic benefits for their pets. It may also contribute to palatability and enhance the product’s marketing profile.