Le Lamb Small Breed Adult Dry Dog Food

Ovis Aries, Young Sheep, Agnus, Ovine Meat

Lamb is a high-quality animal protein sourced from sheep, commonly used in premium pet foods. It provides essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals that support muscle development and overall health. Lamb is included in its natural, whole-food form, ensuring optimal nutrient availability and palatability. Its rich nutrient profile makes it particularly beneficial for pets with sensitivities to other protein sources.

Lamb is included as a high-quality animal protein source to support muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. It also serves as a marketing differentiator, appealing to consumers seeking novel or premium protein options for their pets.

Rendered Lamb, Dehydrated Lamb, Ovis Aries Meal, Processed Lamb Protein

Lamb meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from lamb, an animal source, by rendering and drying lamb meat and tissue. It provides a highly digestible source of essential amino acids, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Unlike whole lamb, lamb meal is utilised in a processed, dehydrated form to optimise nutrient density and shelf stability in premium pet foods.

Lamb meal is included as a concentrated protein source that provides essential amino acids while allowing for consistent nutrient levels in formulation. Its use also enables manufacturers to market the product as containing a novel or premium animal protein, appealing to consumers seeking alternative or hypoallergenic options.

Fish Meal, Marine Fish Meal, Pelagic Fish Meal, Fishmeal (Marine Origin)

Ocean fish meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from whole ocean-caught fish or fish trimmings, making it an animal-based product. It is primarily included in pet food for its high-quality protein and essential omega-3 fatty acids, supporting muscle maintenance and skin health. Ocean fish meal is not used in its natural whole form but is processed and dried to optimise digestibility and nutrient availability.

Ocean fish meal is included as a concentrated protein and omega-3 fatty acid source, supporting nutritional requirements and product labelling claims. It also serves as a palatability enhancer, making the food more appealing to pets.

Garden Peas, Pisum Sativum, English Peas, Common Peas

Green peas are a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the seeds of Pisum sativum. They are primarily included in pet food for their high-quality plant protein, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients, supporting digestive health and energy. Green peas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from their complete nutritional profile without synthetic alteration.

Green peas are included as a cost-effective carbohydrate and protein source that also adds bulk to the product. They are often used to support "grain-free" marketing claims and enhance label appeal for consumers.

Cassava, Manioc, Yuca, Manihot Esculenta

Tapioca is a starch extracted from the root of the cassava plant, a tropical crop native to South America. As a plant-derived ingredient, its primary purpose in pet food is to provide a highly digestible source of carbohydrates and energy. Tapioca is used in its natural, processed form as a purified starch, not as whole cassava root, ensuring safety and digestibility.

Tapioca is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and helps bind kibble, contributing to the desired texture and structure of the final product. Its neutral flavour and hypoallergenic properties also make it suitable for formulating diets for pets with sensitivities.

Solanum Tuberosum, Irish Potato, White Potato, Eirinn Potato

Potato is a starchy tuber derived from the plant Solanum tuberosum, commonly cultivated for both human and animal consumption. In pet food, potato serves primarily as a source of digestible carbohydrates and dietary fibre, supporting energy needs and digestive health. Potato is included in its natural, whole food form, providing a hypoallergenic alternative to common grains in premium pet diets.

Potato is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and bulk to pet food formulations. It also serves as a grain-free alternative to traditional fillers, appealing to consumers seeking grain-free options.

Pisum Sativum, Field Peas, Dry Peas, Canadian Peas

Yellow peas are a plant-derived legume commonly included in pet food for their high protein and dietary fibre content. Sourced from Pisum sativum, they support digestive health and provide essential amino acids. Yellow peas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring the retention of their nutritional value and functional benefits within premium pet food formulations.

Yellow peas are included as a cost-effective source of protein and carbohydrates, helping to reduce formulation costs while maintaining nutritional value. They also serve as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking grain-free or plant-based options.

Poultry Fat, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Fat, Rendered Chicken Fat, Chicken Oil

Chicken fat is an animal-derived ingredient obtained from rendering chicken tissue. It serves primarily as a concentrated source of energy and essential fatty acids, supporting skin and coat health in pets. Chicken fat is used in its natural rendered form, not as a raw or unprocessed fat, ensuring palatability and digestibility while providing a stable, high-quality lipid source in pet food formulations.

Chicken fat is included as a highly digestible source of animal fat, providing essential fatty acids and enhancing the palatability of the product. It also contributes to the energy content of the food in a cost-effective manner.

Flaxseed, Linum Usitatissimum, Flax, Flaxseed Oil

Linseed, also known as flaxseed, is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum). It is primarily included in pet food for its high content of omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibre, supporting skin health and digestion. Linseed is used in its natural, whole or ground form to optimise nutrient availability and functional benefits.

Linseed is included as a source of omega-3 fatty acids and dietary fibre, supporting skin and coat health as well as digestive function. Its presence also allows manufacturers to market the product as containing plant-based nutrients and functional ingredients.

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Brewer’s Yeast, Deactivated Yeast, Spent Yeast

Dried brewers yeast is a deactivated yeast derived from the fermentation of cereals, typically barley, during beer production, making it an ingredient of microbial origin. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich content of B vitamins, amino acids, and antioxidants, supporting overall health. Dried brewers yeast is used in its inactivated, dried form, not as a live or raw yeast.

Dried brewers yeast is included as a cost-effective source of protein and B vitamins, supporting nutritional labelling claims. It may also enhance palatability, encouraging pets to consume the product.

Natural Flavouring, Flavouring Substance, Flavouring Preparation, Flavouring Complex

Natural flavour is a food additive derived from animal or plant sources, designed to enhance the palatability of pet food. Its primary purpose is to improve taste and encourage consistent consumption. Rather than being used in its original raw form, natural flavour is typically processed and concentrated to ensure safety, stability, and uniformity in pet food formulations, while maintaining its natural origin.

Natural flavour is included to enhance palatability, encouraging pets to consume the product. It also allows manufacturers to improve taste without specifying individual flavouring agents, supporting flexible formulation and label-friendly marketing.

Buffered Vinegar, Neutralised Vinegar, Acetate Buffered Vinegar, E260 Buffered

Natural Buffered Vinegar is a plant-derived ingredient produced by fermenting carbohydrates, typically from grains or fruits, and then neutralising the acidity to create a buffered solution. It is primarily included in pet food as a natural preservative, helping to inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life. Natural Buffered Vinegar is used in its natural, liquid form, ensuring safety and efficacy in pet nutrition.

Natural buffered vinegar is included as a natural preservative to inhibit the growth of mould and bacteria, thereby extending the product’s shelf life. Its use also supports a "clean label" positioning, appealing to consumers seeking recognisable, minimally processed ingredients.

Solar Salt, Marine Salt, Sodium Chloride, Sal Marinum

Sea salt is a mineral ingredient derived from the evaporation of seawater. It is primarily included in pet food to provide essential electrolytes, such as sodium and chloride, which support hydration and nerve function. Sea salt is not used in its raw crystalline form but is refined and utilised as a food-grade compound to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal nutrient absorption.

Sea salt is included as a palatability enhancer to improve flavour and encourage pet consumption. It may also function as a mineral source and assist in product preservation.

Fish Liver Oil, Oleum Piscis, Oleum Jecoris, Oleum Piscarium

Fish oil is a nutrient-rich oil derived from the tissues of oily fish, making it an animal-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its high content of omega-3 fatty acids, which support skin, coat, and joint health. Fish oil is utilised in a purified, liquid form rather than as whole fish, ensuring optimal absorption and safety for pets.

Fish oil is included as a source of omega-3 fatty acids to support skin, coat, and joint health, enhancing the nutritional profile of the product. Its presence also serves as a marketing point, appealing to consumers seeking functional health benefits for their pets.

Vaccinium Macrocarpon, American Cranberry, Large Cranberry, Bearberry

Cranberry is a small, red berry derived from the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant properties and potential support of urinary tract health. Cranberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of phytonutrients, vitamins, and dietary fibre.

Cranberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketability. It may also serve as a natural source of antioxidants, supporting the product’s functional claims.

Vaccinium Corymbosum, Vaccinium Angustifolium, Bilberry, E163

Blueberry is a small, nutrient-rich fruit of plant origin, commonly sourced from the Vaccinium genus. It is included in pet food primarily for its antioxidant properties, supporting immune health and cellular protection. Blueberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of vitamins, fibre, and phytonutrients as found in fresh fruit.

Blueberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers, leveraging its reputation as a source of antioxidants. Its presence supports marketing claims of added nutritional benefits, though it is typically used in small quantities with minimal impact on the overall nutritional profile for pets.

Curcuma Longa, Indian Saffron, Jiang Huang, E100

Turmeric is a vibrant yellow spice derived from the root of the Curcuma longa plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting overall health and wellbeing. Turmeric is used in its natural powdered form, ensuring pets benefit from its active compound, curcumin, in a safe and bioavailable manner.

Turmeric is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers due to its association with natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. Its presence may also support marketing claims related to holistic or functional pet foods, despite being used in small quantities with minimal direct nutritional impact for pets.

Matricaria Recutita, German Chamomile, Matricaria Chamomilla, Anthemis Nobilis

Chamomile is a flowering plant from the Asteraceae family, traditionally used for its calming properties. In pet food, chamomile is included primarily for its potential to support digestive health and reduce stress. It is used in its natural, dried whole-flower form, ensuring pets benefit from its bioactive compounds without synthetic alteration or extraction.

Chamomile is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or calming additives, enhancing the product’s marketability. Its functional contribution to the pet food itself is typically minimal.

Mentha × Piperita, Mentha Piperita, Peppermint Oil, Mentha × Piperita Oil

Peppermint is a plant-derived herb from the Mentha genus, valued for its aromatic leaves. In pet food, peppermint is primarily included to support digestive health and freshen breath. It is used in its natural form, with dried or ground leaves incorporated directly into formulations. This natural inclusion ensures pets benefit from its essential oils and phytonutrients without synthetic additives.

Peppermint is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or holistic components, and may also be intended to impart a fresh aroma to the product. Its functional impact on pets is minimal at typical inclusion rates.

E508, Muriate of Potash, Potassium Monochloride, KCl

Potassium chloride is a mineral compound derived from the element potassium, typically sourced from naturally occurring mineral deposits. It is utilised in pet food as a purified salt rather than in its raw metallic form, ensuring safety and optimal absorption. Its primary purpose is to provide essential potassium, which supports nerve function, muscle contraction, and fluid balance in companion animals.

Potassium chloride is included as a cost-effective mineral supplement to help meet pets’ dietary potassium requirements. It also functions as a salt substitute to optimise electrolyte balance in the formulation.

Epsom Salt, Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate, E518, Bitter Salt

Magnesium sulphate is an inorganic compound derived from the mineral epsomite, providing a source of magnesium, an essential mineral for nerve, muscle, and metabolic functions in pets. It is primarily included to support electrolyte balance and overall physiological health. Magnesium sulphate is not used in its natural mineral form but is instead utilised as a purified compound to ensure safety and optimal absorption.

Magnesium sulphate is included as a source of the essential mineral magnesium, supporting nutritional adequacy in pet food formulations. It may also serve as a processing aid to optimise ingredient blending and product consistency.

Trimethylethanolamine Chloride, Choline Monochloride, E1001, 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-Trimethylethanaminium Chloride

Choline chloride is a synthetic compound derived from choline, an essential nutrient typically sourced from plant or animal origins. It is primarily included in pet food to support healthy brain function, liver metabolism, and cellular structure. Choline is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as choline chloride to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Choline chloride is included as an essential nutrient to support normal liver function and brain health in pets. It is a cost-effective way to meet regulatory requirements for choline content in complete and balanced pet foods.

2-Aminoethanesulphonic Acid, L-Taurine, E107, 2-Aminoethane-1-Sulphonic Acid

Taurine is a naturally occurring amino sulfonic acid derived from animal sources, particularly meat and fish. It is added to pet food to support cardiovascular health, vision, and proper immune function, especially in cats who cannot synthesise it sufficiently. Taurine is not used in its raw form; instead, it is incorporated as a purified, synthesised compound to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Taurine is included to ensure adequate levels of this essential amino acid, particularly in diets where animal protein content may be insufficient to meet canine or feline nutritional requirements. Its addition supports cardiovascular health and is often used to address consumer concerns about diet-associated heart issues.

L-Methionine, 2-Amino-4-(Methylthio)butyric Acid, E620, L-2-Amino-4-(Methylthio)butyric Acid

Methionine is an essential amino acid derived from animal or plant sources, crucial for protein synthesis and overall metabolic health in pets. It primarily supports healthy skin, coat, and liver function. Methionine is not used in its raw elemental form; instead, it is incorporated as a specific compound, such as DL-methionine, to optimise safety, stability, and bioavailability in pet food formulations.

Methionine is included as an essential amino acid to support protein synthesis and overall health in pets, particularly when animal protein sources are limited or variable. It also serves as a cost-effective way to meet nutritional requirements and optimise the amino acid profile of the final product.

Chalk, Limestone, E170, Marble Dust

Calcium carbonate is a naturally occurring mineral compound derived from sources such as limestone or marine shells. It is primarily included in pet food as a source of calcium, essential for healthy bones, teeth, and metabolic functions. Calcium carbonate is not used in its raw mineral state; instead, it is processed into a purified, food-grade compound to optimise safety and bioavailability for pets.

Calcium carbonate is included as a cost-effective mineral supplement to provide a bioavailable source of calcium, supporting bone health and proper nutritional balance. It also functions as a pH stabiliser, contributing to product consistency and shelf stability.

Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Amino Acid Ligand, Zinc Amino Acid Bound, Zinc Amino Acid Coordination Complex

Zinc Amino Acid Complex is a chelated mineral ingredient derived from the binding of zinc, an essential trace element, with amino acids. This form is not used in its natural metallic state but is instead utilised as a compound to enhance bioavailability and absorption. Its primary purpose is to support immune function, skin health, and overall metabolic processes in pets.

Zinc Amino Acid Complex is included to provide a bioavailable source of zinc, supporting essential metabolic and immune functions in pets. Its chelated form optimises nutrient absorption and allows for precise labelling of added minerals.

Iron Chelated Amino Acids, Amino Acid Chelated Iron, Iron Amino Acid Chelate, Iron Proteinates

Iron Amino Acid Complex is a mineral ingredient derived from iron bound to amino acids, enhancing its bioavailability for pets. Its primary purpose is to support healthy red blood cell formation and oxygen transport. Unlike raw or metallic iron, it is not used in its natural state but is instead utilised as a chelated compound to optimise safety and absorption in pet diets.

Iron Amino Acid Complex is included as a bioavailable source of iron to support essential physiological functions in pets, such as oxygen transport and energy metabolism. Its chelated form may also enhance nutrient absorption and allow for more precise labelling of mineral content.

Tocopherol, Alpha-Tocopherol, E307, D-Alpha-Tocopherol

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin derived from plant sources such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. It functions primarily as an antioxidant, helping to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and supporting immune health. In pet food, Vitamin E is not used in its natural raw form but is typically utilised as a stabilised compound, such as tocopherol acetate, to optimise safety and absorption.

Vitamin E is included as a natural antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of fats and oils in the product, thereby extending shelf life. It also serves as a label-friendly nutrient that appeals to consumers seeking added health benefits for their pets.

Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3, Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid, E375

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant or animal sources. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, nerves, and digestion in pets. Niacin is not used in its raw form but is typically included as a safe, bioavailable compound such as niacinamide or nicotinic acid.

Niacin is included as an essential B vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and support metabolic health in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Amino Acid Ligand, Copper Amino Acid Bound, Copper Amino Acid Complexes

Copper Amino Acid Complex is a chelated mineral ingredient derived from copper bound to amino acids, typically of synthetic origin. It is included in pet food to provide an essential trace mineral that supports enzyme function, immune health, and red blood cell formation. Copper is not used in its raw metallic state; instead, it is utilised as a complex for improved safety and bioavailability.

Copper amino acid complex is included as a bioavailable source of the essential trace mineral copper, supporting metabolic and enzymatic functions in pets. Its chelated form optimises nutrient absorption and allows for precise formulation to meet nutritional requirements.

D-Calcium Pantothenate, E315, Pantothenic Acid Calcium Salt, Calcium D-Pantothenate

Calcium pantothenate is a synthetic compound derived from pantothenic acid, a water-soluble B vitamin (vitamin B5) of plant or animal origin. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and maintain healthy skin and coat. Rather than using pantothenic acid in its natural form, calcium pantothenate is utilised for its stability, safety, and enhanced bioavailability in pet nutrition.

Calcium pantothenate is included as a stable, bioavailable source of vitamin B5 to meet nutritional requirements and support labelling claims of complete and balanced nutrition. Its use ensures consistent vitamin content throughout the product’s shelf life.

Manganese Amino Acid Chelate, Manganese Proteinate, Manganese Glycinate, Manganese Bisglycinate Chelate

Manganese Amino Acid Complex is a chelated mineral ingredient derived from the combination of manganese, an essential trace element, with amino acids. It is included in pet food to support bone development, enzyme function, and antioxidant defence. Unlike raw metallic manganese, this form is utilised as a complex to enhance safety, bioavailability, and absorption in the animal’s body.

Manganese amino acid complex is included as a bioavailable source of the essential trace mineral manganese, supporting metabolic and skeletal health in pets. Its chelated form optimises nutrient absorption and allows for precise labelling of added minerals.

Disodium Selenite, E901, Selenious Acid Disodium Salt, Disodium Selenious Acid

Sodium selenite is an inorganic compound derived from selenium, an essential trace mineral. It is included in pet food formulations to provide a bioavailable source of selenium, which supports antioxidant defence and immune function. Sodium selenite is not used in its natural elemental form; instead, it is utilised as a salt compound to ensure safety, stability, and optimal absorption in pets.

Sodium selenite is included as a cost-effective and stable source of the essential trace mineral selenium, which supports normal metabolic and immune functions in pets. Its use allows manufacturers to meet nutritional requirements efficiently and with consistent quality.

Vitamin B2, E101, Lactoflavin, 7,8-Dimethyl-10-Ribityl Isoalloxazine

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic origin commonly added to pet foods. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system function. Riboflavin is not used in its natural form but is typically utilised as a synthesised compound to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Riboflavin is included as an essential vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and ensure regulatory compliance for complete and balanced pet food labelling. Its addition helps optimise the product’s nutrient profile without significantly impacting cost or palatability.

Vitamin B1 Mononitrate, Nitrate Salt of Thiamine, E101a, Thiamin Mononitrate

Thiamine mononitrate is a synthetic, water-soluble form of vitamin B1, derived from chemical synthesis rather than natural sources. It is added to pet food to support energy metabolism and proper nervous system function. Thiamine is not used in its natural state; instead, the mononitrate compound is utilised for stability, safety, and optimal absorption in formulated diets.

Thiamine mononitrate is included as a stable, cost-effective source of vitamin B1 to meet nutritional requirements and ensure product labelling compliance. Its synthetic form maintains potency during processing and storage, supporting both product stability and regulatory standards.

Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin of animal origin, essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation in pets. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and overall vitality. Vitamin B12 is not used in its natural, raw form but is instead utilised as a specific compound, such as cyanocobalamin, to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin B12 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic and neurological functions in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims.

Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Retinyl Acetate, E160a

Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient derived from animal sources (as retinyl esters) or plant sources (as carotenoids). It supports vision, immune function, and skin health in pets. In pet food, Vitamin A is not used in its raw or natural state but is provided as stabilised compounds (such as retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate) to ensure safety, stability, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin A is included as an essential nutrient to support vision, immune function, and overall health in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition also allows manufacturers to optimise the nutritional profile and comply with regulatory labelling requirements.

Vitamin B6, E300, Pyridoxine HCl, Pyridoxine Monohydrochloride

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a synthetic, water-soluble form of vitamin B6, derived from chemical synthesis rather than natural sources. It is added to pet foods to support protein metabolism, nervous system health, and immune function. Unlike naturally occurring vitamin B6 in foods, pyridoxine is utilised in its hydrochloride salt form to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in companion animals.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is included as a cost-effective, stable source of vitamin B6 to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory labelling requirements. Its addition helps manufacturers guarantee consistent vitamin content throughout the product’s shelf life.

Cobalt(II) Sulphate, Cobaltous Sulphate, E514, Sulphuric Acid Cobalt(2+) Salt

Cobalt sulphate is a mineral compound derived from cobalt, an essential trace element, combined with sulphate for improved stability and absorption. It is included in pet food primarily to support vitamin B12 synthesis, which is vital for red blood cell formation and neurological function. Cobalt is not used in its raw metallic state; instead, cobalt sulphate is utilised to ensure safety and bioavailability in animal diets.

Cobalt sulphate is included as a cost-effective source of the essential trace mineral cobalt, which is necessary for vitamin B12 synthesis in dogs. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with regulatory labelling requirements for complete and balanced pet foods.

Calcium Diiodate, E917, Ca(IO3)2, Calcium Iodate Anhydrous

Calcium iodate is a mineral-derived compound commonly included in pet foods as a source of iodine, an essential trace element. It is not used in its natural, raw mineral state; instead, it is utilised in the form of a stable, food-grade compound to ensure safety and optimal absorption. Its primary purpose is to support healthy thyroid function and metabolic processes.

Calcium iodate is included as a stable, bioavailable source of iodine to support thyroid function and overall metabolic health in pets. Its use ensures consistent iodine content throughout the product, optimising nutritional labelling and regulatory compliance.

Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid, Pteroylglutamic Acid, Vitamin B9, E920

Folic acid is a synthetic form of vitamin B9, originally derived from plant sources but produced for pet food as a stable, bioavailable compound. Its primary purpose is to support cell division, DNA synthesis, and overall growth in pets. Folic acid is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as a manufactured supplement to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Folic acid is included as a synthetic vitamin to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory requirements for B-vitamin content in pet food. Its addition helps standardise nutrient levels across batches, supporting consistent product labelling and animal health.

Cholecalciferol, Colecalciferol, Calciol, E671

Vitamin D3, also known as cholecalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin of animal origin commonly derived from lanolin or fish oil. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism, supporting healthy bone development in pets. Vitamin D3 is not used in its natural form but is instead utilised as a stabilised compound to ensure safety, efficacy, and optimal absorption in pet food formulations.

Vitamin D3 is included to ensure the finished product meets established nutritional requirements for canine health, supporting bone development and calcium regulation. Its addition allows manufacturers to guarantee consistent vitamin content regardless of natural variation in raw materials.

Tocopherols, E306, Natural Tocopherols Concentrate, D-Alpha Tocopherol Concentrate

Mixed tocopherols are a blend of compounds derived from plant oils, primarily functioning as a source of vitamin E. Their main purpose in pet food is to act as natural antioxidants, helping to preserve the freshness of fats and oils. Rather than being used in their isolated, pure form, mixed tocopherols are incorporated as stabilised extracts to optimise safety, efficacy, and nutrient retention.

Mixed tocopherols are included as a natural preservative to extend shelf life by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils in pet food. They are often used as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives to appeal to consumer preferences for natural ingredients.

Rosmarinus Officinalis Extract, E392, Rosemary Oleoresin, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract

Rosemary extract is a plant-derived ingredient obtained from the leaves of the rosemary herb (Rosmarinus officinalis). It is primarily included in pet food as a natural antioxidant, helping to preserve fats and oils and extend shelf life. Rosemary extract is used in its natural form, ensuring the retention of its beneficial compounds without chemical alteration.

Rosemary extract is included as a natural preservative to help extend shelf life by inhibiting oxidation of fats and oils. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.

Camellia Sinensis Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Green Tea Extract, Black Tea Extract

Tea extract is a plant-derived ingredient obtained from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant properties, which help protect cells from oxidative damage. Tea extract is utilised in a concentrated form rather than as whole tea leaves, ensuring a consistent and effective level of beneficial compounds for optimal pet health.

Tea extract is included as a natural antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of the product. It may also serve as a label-friendly ingredient, appealing to consumers seeking natural additives.

Mentha Spicata Extract, Mentha Viridis Extract, Mint Extract, Mentha Spicata Leaf Extract

Spearmint extract is a plant-derived ingredient obtained from the leaves of the spearmint plant (Mentha spicata). It is primarily included in pet food for its natural flavouring properties and potential antioxidant benefits. Spearmint extract is used in its processed extract form, rather than as whole leaves, to ensure consistent potency and safe inclusion in pet diets.

Spearmint extract is included primarily as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners by suggesting breath-freshening or oral health benefits. It may also contribute a mild flavour enhancement to improve palatability.