Original Poultry and Fish Dry Food

Gallus Gallus Domesticus, Poultry Meat, Domestic Fowl, Broiler Meat

Chicken is a high-quality animal protein sourced from poultry, commonly used in pet foods for its rich amino acid profile and palatability. It provides essential nutrients to support muscle maintenance and overall health. In premium pet foods, chicken is typically included in its natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient availability and digestibility for pets.

Chicken is included as a primary animal protein source to meet nutritional requirements and enhance palatability for pets. Its recognisable presence on the label also appeals to consumers seeking high-quality, meat-based ingredients.

Meleagris Gallopavo, Domestic Turkey, Meleagris Spp., Gallopavo

Turkey is a lean animal protein sourced from domesticated birds, commonly used in premium pet foods. It provides essential amino acids to support muscle maintenance and overall health. Turkey is included in its natural, whole food form, offering a highly digestible protein source along with important vitamins and minerals. Its use helps optimise palatability and nutritional value in pet diets.

Turkey is included as a high-quality animal protein source to support muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Its presence also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking premium or novel protein options.

Salmo Salar, Atlantic Salmon, Pacific Salmon, Oncorhynchus Spp.

Salmon is a nutrient-rich fish sourced from cold, clean waters and is classified as an animal-derived ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which support skin, coat, and joint health. Salmon is used in its natural form, ensuring pets benefit from its full nutritional profile and bioavailable nutrients.

Salmon is included as a high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acid source to support skin and coat health, appealing to consumers seeking premium or functional pet foods. Its presence also enhances palatability and serves as a marketing differentiator on product labelling.

Clupea Harengus, Clupea Spp., Atlantic Herring, Baltic Herring

Herring is a small, oily fish sourced from marine environments and classified as an animal-derived ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich content of high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which support skin, coat, and cognitive health. Herring is used in its natural, whole food form, ensuring optimal nutrient availability and palatability for pets.

Herring is included as a high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acid source, supporting nutritional value and marketing appeal for pet owners seeking premium, fish-based ingredients. Its presence can also enhance palatability and differentiate the product in a competitive market.

Poultry Liver, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Liver, Chicken Offal, Chicken Hepatic Tissue

Chicken liver is an animal-derived organ meat sourced from chickens. It is included in pet food primarily for its rich content of high-quality protein, essential amino acids, and vital micronutrients such as vitamin A, iron, and B vitamins. Chicken liver is used in its natural, whole food form, providing both palatability and nutritional density to support overall pet health.

Chicken liver is included as a highly palatable and nutrient-dense protein source, providing essential vitamins and minerals to enhance the nutritional profile of the product. Its inclusion can also support marketing claims related to quality animal ingredients.

Dried Chicken, Chicken Meal, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Meal, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Dried

Dehydrated chicken is an animal-derived ingredient made by removing moisture from raw chicken through a controlled drying process. It serves as a concentrated source of high-quality protein and essential amino acids, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Dehydrated chicken is used in its natural form, retaining much of the original nutritional value while offering improved shelf stability and digestibility.

Dehydrated chicken is included as a concentrated protein source that enhances the nutritional profile and palatability of the product. Its use also allows for easier storage and handling compared to fresh meat, optimising manufacturing efficiency.

Dried Turkey, Turkey Meal, Turkey (Dehydrated), Meleagris Gallopavo

Dehydrated turkey is a high-quality animal-derived ingredient made by removing moisture from turkey meat while retaining its nutritional value. It serves as a concentrated source of protein and essential amino acids, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Dehydrated turkey is used in its natural form, ensuring pets receive the benefits of whole turkey without added fillers or artificial processing.

Dehydrated turkey is included as a concentrated animal protein source, providing essential amino acids while reducing moisture content for improved shelf stability. Its use also allows for a higher protein declaration on labelling, appealing to consumers seeking premium, meat-based diets.

Dried Chicken Liver, Chicken Liver Powder, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Liver (Dehydrated), Dehydrated Gallus Gallus Domesticus Liver

Dehydrated chicken liver is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from the liver of chickens, processed by removing moisture through dehydration. It serves as a highly palatable source of protein, essential amino acids, and vital micronutrients such as vitamin A and iron. Dehydrated chicken liver is used in its natural form, ensuring nutrient density and digestibility for pets while enhancing flavour and acceptance.

Dehydrated chicken liver is included as a highly palatable protein source that enhances flavour and encourages consumption. It also serves as a nutrient-dense ingredient, contributing essential vitamins and minerals to the formulation.

Dried Egg, Powdered Egg, Egg Powder, Ovum Powder

Dehydrated egg is an animal-derived ingredient made by removing moisture from whole eggs, preserving their protein, fat, and micronutrient content. It serves as a highly digestible source of complete protein and essential amino acids, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Dehydrated egg is used in its natural form, simply processed to extend shelf life and maintain nutritional value.

Dehydrated egg is included as a highly digestible, animal-based protein source that supports essential amino acid requirements in pet food formulations. Its stable, powdered form also optimises shelf life and ease of handling during manufacturing.

Dried Sardine, Sardina Pilchardus, Dried Sardina Pilchardus, Sardine Meal

Dehydrated sardine is a whole fish ingredient derived from small, oily marine fish, typically sourced from sustainable fisheries. It serves as a rich source of high-quality animal protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential micronutrients, supporting skin, coat, and overall health in pets. Dehydrated sardine is used in its natural form, with moisture removed to preserve nutrients and enhance shelf life.

Dehydrated sardine is included as a concentrated animal protein and omega-3 fatty acid source, supporting nutritional value and marketing appeal. Its use allows manufacturers to enhance the product’s protein content and promote health benefits, while also serving as a label-friendly ingredient attractive to consumers.

Poultry Fat, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Fat, Rendered Chicken Fat, Chicken Oil

Chicken fat is an animal-derived ingredient obtained from rendering chicken tissue. It serves primarily as a concentrated source of energy and essential fatty acids, supporting skin and coat health in pets. Chicken fat is used in its natural rendered form, not as a raw or unprocessed fat, ensuring palatability and digestibility while providing a stable, high-quality lipid source in pet food formulations.

Chicken fat is included as a highly digestible source of animal fat, providing essential fatty acids and enhancing the palatability of the product. It also contributes to the energy content of the food in a cost-effective manner.

Lens Culinaris, Masoor Dal, Masur Dal, Lentille Rouge

Red lentils are edible seeds derived from the legume plant Lens culinaris, commonly cultivated for human and animal consumption. As a plant-based ingredient, red lentils are valued for their high protein, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrient content. In pet food, red lentils are used in their natural, whole form to provide a digestible source of energy, support gut health, and contribute to overall nutritional balance.

Red lentils are included as a cost-effective, high-protein plant ingredient that also provides dietary fibre and carbohydrates. Their use can help optimise the protein content of the product while supporting a grain-free marketing position.

Phaseolus Vulgaris, Frijol Pinto, Haricot Pinto, Poroto Pinto

Pinto beans are edible seeds derived from the legume plant Phaseolus vulgaris, originating from plant sources. They are included in pet food primarily for their high protein content, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients, supporting digestive health and sustained energy. Pinto beans are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and digestibility for pets.

Pinto beans are included as a cost-effective plant-based protein and fibre source, contributing to the nutritional profile while helping to manage production costs. They may also serve as a label-friendly ingredient, appealing to consumers seeking recognisable, whole-food components.

Haricot Bean, Pearl Haricot Bean, Boston Bean, Phaseolus Vulgaris

Navy beans are small, white legumes derived from the plant Phaseolus vulgaris. As a plant-based ingredient, navy beans are valued for their high fibre and protein content, supporting digestive health and sustained energy in pets. In pet food, navy beans are used in their natural, whole form, providing a source of complex carbohydrates, essential minerals, and beneficial phytonutrients.

Navy beans are included as a cost-effective source of plant-based protein and dietary fibre, contributing to the nutritional profile and bulk of the product. They also serve as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking recognisable, wholesome components.

Lens Culinaris, Brown Lentils, Whole Lentils, Lentille Verte

Green lentils are edible seeds derived from the legume plant Lens culinaris, making them a plant-based ingredient. They are primarily included in pet food for their high protein content, dietary fibre, and complex carbohydrates, supporting digestive health and sustained energy. Green lentils are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from their full nutritional profile without chemical alteration.

Green lentils are included as a cost-effective plant-based protein and carbohydrate source, helping to meet nutritional requirements while supporting product affordability. They also contribute fibre and are considered a label-friendly ingredient appealing to health-conscious consumers.

Garbanzo Beans, Cicer Arietinum, Bengal Gram, Egyptian Pea

Chickpeas are edible legumes derived from the plant Cicer arietinum, commonly cultivated for their high nutritional value. As a plant-based ingredient, chickpeas are primarily included in pet food for their rich protein, fibre, and complex carbohydrate content, supporting digestive health and sustained energy. Chickpeas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and digestibility for pets.

Chickpeas are included as a cost-effective carbohydrate and protein source, providing bulk and nutritional value while supporting grain-free product labelling. Their use can also enhance the fibre content and appeal to consumers seeking plant-based or alternative ingredients.

Pisum Sativum, Garden Pea, Green Pea, Field Pea

Peas are a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the seeds of the Pisum sativum plant. They are primarily included in pet food for their high protein content, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients, supporting digestive health and energy. Peas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring the retention of their nutritional value and functional benefits within the finished product.

Peas are included as a cost-effective source of protein, fibre, and carbohydrates, helping to optimise nutritional content while supporting product texture. They also serve as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking grain-free or plant-based options.

Meleagris Gallopavo Liver, Turkey Offal Liver, Gallopavo Liver, Meleagris Liver

Turkey liver is an animal-derived organ meat sourced from turkeys. It is included in pet food primarily for its rich content of high-quality protein, essential amino acids, and vital micronutrients such as vitamin A, iron, and B vitamins. Turkey liver is used in its natural, whole food form, providing a highly digestible and palatable source of nutrition for pets.

Turkey liver is included as a nutrient-dense organ meat to enhance the protein and vitamin content of the product, supporting a premium positioning. It also serves as a natural palatability enhancer, making the food more appealing to pets.

Meleagris Gallopavo Heart, Poultry Heart (Meleagris Gallopavo), Gallopavo Heart, Meleagris Gallopavo Organ

Turkey heart is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from the heart muscle of turkeys. It is included in pet food primarily for its high-quality protein and rich supply of essential nutrients such as taurine, iron, and B vitamins, supporting muscle development and overall health. Turkey heart is used in its natural, whole-food form, providing a highly digestible and palatable source of nutrition.

Turkey heart is included as a nutrient-dense organ meat to provide high-quality protein, essential amino acids, and micronutrients, supporting the product’s nutritional profile. Its inclusion also appeals to consumers seeking species-appropriate or premium animal-based ingredients.

Poultry Gizzard, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Gizzard, Chicken Gizzard, Avian Gizzard

Turkey gizzard is a muscular organ sourced from poultry, specifically turkeys, and is classified as an animal-based ingredient. It is valued for its high protein content and essential vitamins and minerals, supporting muscle development and overall health in pets. Turkey gizzard is incorporated in its natural, whole-food form, ensuring optimal nutrient availability and digestibility for companion animals.

Turkey gizzard is included as a nutrient-dense organ meat to enhance the protein content and amino acid profile of the product. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural, whole-food components in pet food.

Hen Egg, Chicken Egg, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Egg, Avian Egg

Egg is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from poultry, commonly used in pet food for its high-quality protein and essential amino acids. It provides vital nutrients that support muscle development and overall health. In pet food, egg is typically included in its natural, whole form—either as dried or fresh egg—ensuring optimal digestibility and nutrient availability for pets.

Egg is included as a high-quality, bioavailable protein source to support muscle development and overall nutrition. It also enhances the product’s nutritional profile, appealing to consumers seeking premium or natural pet food options.

Chicken Flavour, Chicken Flavouring, Chicken Extract, Gallus Gallus Extract

Natural Chicken Flavour is a palatable ingredient derived from animal sources, specifically chicken, and is used to enhance the taste and aroma of pet food. Its primary function is to improve palatability, encouraging consistent consumption. This ingredient is not used in its whole food form; rather, it is processed and concentrated to deliver a natural chicken taste in a safe, digestible format.

Natural chicken flavour is included to enhance palatability, encouraging dogs to consume the product. It also allows manufacturers to deliver a desirable taste profile without significantly increasing production costs or altering the nutritional composition.

Apple Pomace, Dehydrated Apple Pomace, Malus Domestica Pomace, Dried Malus Domestica Pomace

Dried apple pomace is a plant-derived ingredient made from the residual pulp, skins, and seeds left after juicing apples. It is primarily included in pet food as a source of dietary fibre, supporting digestive health and stool quality. Dried apple pomace is used in its natural, dried form, providing a functional, whole-food fibre source rather than a processed extract or compound.

Dried apple pomace is included as a cost-effective fibre source to aid digestive health and add bulk to the product. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking recognisable fruit components in pet food.

Alaska Pollock Oil, Gadus Chalcogrammus Oil, Fish Oil (Gadus Chalcogrammus), Theragra Chalcogramma Oil

Pollock oil is a marine-derived ingredient sourced from the tissues of the pollock fish, an animal origin. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich content of omega-3 fatty acids, which support skin, coat, and cognitive health. Pollock oil is used in its natural, refined oil form, ensuring optimal safety, palatability, and nutrient absorption for pets.

Pollock oil is included as a cost-effective source of omega-3 fatty acids, supporting claims of skin and coat health in marketing. It also serves as a palatability enhancer, improving the taste and aroma of the product for pets.

Gallus Gallus Domesticus Heart, Poultry Heart, Chicken Offal Heart, Gallus Heart

Chicken heart is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from the heart muscle of chickens. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich protein content and as a natural source of essential vitamins and minerals, such as iron and B vitamins. Chicken heart is used in its natural, whole-food form, providing highly bioavailable nutrients to support overall health and vitality in pets.

Chicken heart is included as a nutrient-dense organ meat to provide high-quality protein, essential amino acids, and micronutrients, supporting the nutritional profile of the product. Its inclusion also appeals to consumers seeking species-appropriate, whole-prey ingredients in pet food formulations.

Tocopherol, Alpha-Tocopherol, E307, D-Alpha-Tocopherol

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin derived from plant sources such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. It functions primarily as an antioxidant, helping to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and supporting immune health. In pet food, Vitamin E is not used in its natural raw form but is typically utilised as a stabilised compound, such as tocopherol acetate, to optimise safety and absorption.

Vitamin E is included as a natural antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of fats and oils in the product, thereby extending shelf life. It also serves as a label-friendly nutrient that appeals to consumers seeking added health benefits for their pets.

Cucurbita Pepo, Cucurbita Maxima, Cucurbita Moschata, Pepo

Pumpkin is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the fruit of the Cucurbita pepo species. It is primarily included in pet food for its dietary fibre content, which supports digestive health and regularity. Pumpkin is used in its natural form, either as fresh, cooked, or dehydrated flesh, providing a source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants beneficial to overall wellbeing.

Pumpkin is included as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural and recognisable components, while also serving as a cost-effective source of fibre and moisture to support digestive health and product texture. Its inclusion can enhance marketing appeal without significantly increasing formulation costs.

Cucurbita Moschata, Butternut Squash, Gramma, Winter Squash

Butternut pumpkin is a plant-derived ingredient, sourced from the fruit of the Cucurbita moschata species. It is included in pet food primarily for its rich content of dietary fibre, vitamins, and antioxidants, supporting digestive health and immune function. Butternut pumpkin is used in its natural, whole food form, ensuring pets benefit from its full nutritional profile without synthetic alteration.

Butternut pumpkin is included as a cost-effective, label-friendly vegetable that provides natural colour, dietary fibre, and some vitamins, appealing to health-conscious consumers. It also serves as a digestible carbohydrate source to support energy needs and product texture.

Brassica Oleracea, Borekale, Tree Cabbage, Non-Heading Cabbage

Collard greens are leafy vegetables derived from the Brassica oleracea plant, belonging to the cruciferous family. Sourced from plants, they are rich in dietary fibre, vitamins A, C, and K, and essential minerals, supporting digestive health and immune function. In pet food, collard greens are included in their natural, whole form to provide phytonutrients and antioxidants, contributing to overall wellbeing.

Collard greens are included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance the perceived nutritional value of the product. They may also provide a source of dietary fibre and micronutrients, supporting marketing claims of added vegetables.

Malus Domestica, Pyrus Malus, Malus Pumila, E Malus

Apple is a fruit derived from the Malus domestica tree, classified as a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its dietary fibre, natural antioxidants, and vitamins, supporting digestive health and immune function. Apple is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its inherent nutrients without synthetic alteration or processing into extracts or concentrates.

Apple is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking recognisable, natural components in pet food. It may also provide a modest source of fibre and natural sweetness to enhance palatability.

Pyrus Communis, European Pear, Bartlett Pear, Williams Pear

Pear is a plant-derived fruit included in pet food for its natural source of dietary fibre, vitamins, and antioxidants, supporting digestive health and overall wellbeing. It is primarily valued for its gentle fibre content, which aids healthy digestion. Pear is used in its natural form, ensuring pets benefit from its whole-food nutrients without synthetic alteration or processing into extracts or concentrates.

Pear is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking natural and recognisable components in pet food. It may also provide a modest source of fibre and natural sugars to support palatability.

Vaccinium Macrocarpon, American Cranberry, Large Cranberry, Bearberry

Cranberry is a small, red berry derived from the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant properties and potential support of urinary tract health. Cranberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of phytonutrients, vitamins, and dietary fibre.

Cranberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketability. It may also serve as a natural source of antioxidants, supporting the product’s functional claims.

Kombu, Saccharina Japonica, Laminaria Japonica, Kelp Powder

Dried kelp is a type of seaweed sourced from marine plants, commonly harvested from ocean waters. It is included in pet food primarily as a natural source of iodine, which supports healthy thyroid function, as well as providing trace minerals and antioxidants. Dried kelp is used in its natural, dehydrated form, ensuring the retention of its nutritional properties for optimal pet health.

Dried kelp is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketing, while also providing trace minerals that can support nutritional claims. Its addition has minimal impact on palatability or product cost.

Sodium Chloride, NaCl, Table Salt, E535

Salt is a mineral ingredient derived from the combination of sodium and chloride, typically sourced from natural deposits or seawater. It is primarily included in pet food to support electrolyte balance, nerve function, and hydration. Salt is not used in its raw mineral form but is utilised as sodium chloride, a purified compound, to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal absorption in pets.

Salt is included as a palatability enhancer to improve taste and encourage consumption, and also functions as a preservative to help extend product shelf life. Its use allows manufacturers to optimise flavour while maintaining product stability.

Zinc Proteinate Chelate, Zinc Protein Chelate, Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Protein Complex

Zinc proteinate is a chelated mineral compound derived from the binding of zinc, an essential trace element, with amino acids or proteins. Sourced from mineral origins, it is included in pet food to support immune function, skin health, and enzyme activity. Zinc is not used in its raw metallic state; instead, it is utilised as zinc proteinate to optimise absorption and bioavailability in pets.

Zinc proteinate is included as a bioavailable source of the essential mineral zinc, supporting optimal nutrient absorption and overall health in pets. Its chelated form enhances stability and efficacy compared to inorganic zinc sources, aligning with nutritional labelling requirements.

Tocopherols, E306, Natural Tocopherols Concentrate, D-Alpha Tocopherol Concentrate

Mixed tocopherols are a blend of compounds derived from plant oils, primarily functioning as a source of vitamin E. Their main purpose in pet food is to act as natural antioxidants, helping to preserve the freshness of fats and oils. Rather than being used in their isolated, pure form, mixed tocopherols are incorporated as stabilised extracts to optimise safety, efficacy, and nutrient retention.

Mixed tocopherols are included as a natural preservative to extend shelf life by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils in pet food. They are often used as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives to appeal to consumer preferences for natural ingredients.

Nicotinic Acid, Vitamin B3, Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid, E375

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant or animal sources. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, nerves, and digestion in pets. Niacin is not used in its raw form but is typically included as a safe, bioavailable compound such as niacinamide or nicotinic acid.

Niacin is included as an essential B vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and support metabolic health in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

Vitamin B1 Mononitrate, Nitrate Salt of Thiamine, E101a, Thiamin Mononitrate

Thiamine mononitrate is a synthetic, water-soluble form of vitamin B1, derived from chemical synthesis rather than natural sources. It is added to pet food to support energy metabolism and proper nervous system function. Thiamine is not used in its natural state; instead, the mononitrate compound is utilised for stability, safety, and optimal absorption in formulated diets.

Thiamine mononitrate is included as a stable, cost-effective source of vitamin B1 to meet nutritional requirements and ensure product labelling compliance. Its synthetic form maintains potency during processing and storage, supporting both product stability and regulatory standards.

D-Calcium Pantothenate, E315, Pantothenic Acid Calcium Salt, Calcium D-Pantothenate

Calcium pantothenate is a synthetic compound derived from pantothenic acid, a water-soluble B vitamin (vitamin B5) of plant or animal origin. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and maintain healthy skin and coat. Rather than using pantothenic acid in its natural form, calcium pantothenate is utilised for its stability, safety, and enhanced bioavailability in pet nutrition.

Calcium pantothenate is included as a stable, bioavailable source of vitamin B5 to meet nutritional requirements and support labelling claims of complete and balanced nutrition. Its use ensures consistent vitamin content throughout the product’s shelf life.

Vitamin B6, E300, Pyridoxine HCl, Pyridoxine Monohydrochloride

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a synthetic, water-soluble form of vitamin B6, derived from chemical synthesis rather than natural sources. It is added to pet foods to support protein metabolism, nervous system health, and immune function. Unlike naturally occurring vitamin B6 in foods, pyridoxine is utilised in its hydrochloride salt form to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in companion animals.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is included as a cost-effective, stable source of vitamin B6 to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory labelling requirements. Its addition helps manufacturers guarantee consistent vitamin content throughout the product’s shelf life.

Vitamin B2, E101, Lactoflavin, 7,8-Dimethyl-10-Ribityl Isoalloxazine

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic origin commonly added to pet foods. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system function. Riboflavin is not used in its natural form but is typically utilised as a synthesised compound to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Riboflavin is included as an essential vitamin to meet nutritional requirements and ensure regulatory compliance for complete and balanced pet food labelling. Its addition helps optimise the product’s nutrient profile without significantly impacting cost or palatability.

Pteroylmonoglutamic Acid, Pteroylglutamic Acid, Vitamin B9, E920

Folic acid is a synthetic form of vitamin B9, originally derived from plant sources but produced for pet food as a stable, bioavailable compound. Its primary purpose is to support cell division, DNA synthesis, and overall growth in pets. Folic acid is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as a manufactured supplement to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Folic acid is included as a synthetic vitamin to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory requirements for B-vitamin content in pet food. Its addition helps standardise nutrient levels across batches, supporting consistent product labelling and animal health.

Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin of animal origin, essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation in pets. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and overall vitality. Vitamin B12 is not used in its natural, raw form but is instead utilised as a specific compound, such as cyanocobalamin, to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin B12 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic and neurological functions in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims.

Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Chelate, Copper(II) Proteinate, Cupric Proteinate

Copper proteinate is a chelated mineral compound derived from the binding of copper, an essential trace element, with amino acids or proteins. Sourced from mineral origins, it is included in pet food to support vital functions such as red blood cell formation and enzyme activity. Copper is not used in its raw metallic state but is instead utilised as copper proteinate to optimise absorption and safety.

Copper proteinate is included as a bioavailable source of the essential trace mineral copper, supporting metabolic and enzymatic functions in pets. Its chelated form enhances absorption compared to inorganic copper sources, optimising nutritional efficacy in the finished product.

Bacillus Coagulans Lysate, Bacillus Coagulans Ferment Filtrate, Bacillus Coagulans Ferment Extract, Bacillus Coagulans Ferment Lysate

Bacillus coagulans ferment product is a probiotic ingredient derived from the fermentation of the Bacillus coagulans bacterium, a beneficial microorganism of microbial origin. Its primary purpose is to support digestive health and promote a balanced gut microbiome in pets. This ingredient is not used in its natural bacterial state but is utilised as a stabilised ferment product to ensure safety, efficacy, and optimal absorption.

Bacillus coagulans ferment product is included as a functional probiotic ingredient to support digestive health and optimise gut flora balance in pets. Its presence also allows manufacturers to market the product as containing beneficial probiotics, appealing to health-conscious consumers.

Cichorium Intybus Root, Cichorium Intybus Root (Dried), Chicory Root (Dried), Cichorium Intybus

Dried chicory root is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the root of the chicory plant (Cichorium intybus). It is primarily included in pet food for its high inulin content, a prebiotic fibre that supports digestive health and beneficial gut bacteria. Dried chicory root is used in its natural, whole form, providing a functional and nutritional benefit to pet diets.

Dried chicory root is included as a source of prebiotic fibre to support digestive health and optimise gut microbiota. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to health-conscious consumers.

Curcuma Longa, Indian Saffron, Jiang Huang, E100

Turmeric is a vibrant yellow spice derived from the root of the Curcuma longa plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting overall health and wellbeing. Turmeric is used in its natural powdered form, ensuring pets benefit from its active compound, curcumin, in a safe and bioavailable manner.

Turmeric is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers due to its association with natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties. Its presence may also support marketing claims related to holistic or functional pet foods, despite being used in small quantities with minimal direct nutritional impact for pets.

Smilax Officinalis, Smilax Aristolochiifolia, Smilax Medica, Jamaican Sarsaparilla

Sarsaparilla root is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the roots of various Smilax species. It is primarily included for its antioxidant properties and potential to support immune health in pets. In pet food, sarsaparilla root is used in its natural, dried form rather than as an extract or isolate, ensuring the retention of its native phytonutrients and beneficial compounds.

Sarsaparilla root is included as a label-friendly botanical ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking natural or holistic pet food formulations. Its presence may also allow manufacturers to market perceived health benefits, despite limited evidence of functional impact for pets.

Marshmallow Root, Althaea Officinalis Root, Marsh Mallow Root, Althaea Officinalis

Althea root, derived from the Althaea officinalis plant, is a botanical ingredient valued for its soothing properties. Sourced from the root of the marshmallow plant, it is primarily included in pet food for its natural mucilage content, which supports digestive health. Althea root is used in its natural, dried form to retain its beneficial fibres and bioactive compounds.

Althea root is included as a functional ingredient for its potential soothing properties on the digestive tract, which can support gastrointestinal health in pets. Its presence may also serve a marketing purpose, appealing to consumers seeking herbal or natural additives in pet food formulations.

Rosa Canina, Rose Haw, Dog Rose, Cynosbati

Rosehip is the fruit of the wild rose plant, primarily sourced from Rosa canina. It is included in pet food for its rich content of vitamin C, antioxidants, and dietary fibre, supporting immune health and overall wellbeing. Rosehip is used in its natural, dried, and ground form, ensuring pets benefit from its nutrients as they occur in the whole fruit.

Rosehip is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers, as it is associated with natural sources of vitamin C and antioxidants. Its addition may also support marketing claims related to immune health, despite limited direct benefits for pets at typical inclusion rates.

Common Juniper, Juniperus Communis, Genévrier, Wacholder

Juniper berry is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the juniper shrub (Juniperus communis). It is primarily included in pet food for its natural antioxidant properties, which help support immune health and reduce oxidative stress. Juniper berry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of phytonutrients and aromatic compounds.

Juniper berry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking botanicals associated with natural or holistic pet foods. It may also be added for its perceived antioxidant properties, though its functional impact on pet health is minimal at typical inclusion rates.

2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid, E330, 3-Carboxy-3-Hydroxypentanedioic Acid, Monohydrate Citric Acid

Citric acid is an organic compound derived primarily from citrus fruits, though it is commonly produced via fermentation for commercial use. Its main purpose in pet food is as a natural preservative and acidity regulator, helping to maintain freshness and inhibit spoilage. Citric acid is not used in its raw, crystalline form but is incorporated as a purified, food-grade compound to ensure safety and efficacy.

Citric acid is included as a preservative to enhance product stability and extend shelf life by inhibiting microbial growth. It may also be used to adjust acidity, optimising flavour and maintaining the quality of the final product.

Rosmarinus Officinalis Extract, E392, Rosemary Oleoresin, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract

Rosemary extract is a plant-derived ingredient obtained from the leaves of the rosemary herb (Rosmarinus officinalis). It is primarily included in pet food as a natural antioxidant, helping to preserve fats and oils and extend shelf life. Rosemary extract is used in its natural form, ensuring the retention of its beneficial compounds without chemical alteration.

Rosemary extract is included as a natural preservative to help extend shelf life by inhibiting oxidation of fats and oils. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.