Eco-Protein Calming Functional Training Treats

Solanum Tuberosum, Irish Potato, White Potato, Eirinn Potato

Potato is a starchy tuber derived from the plant Solanum tuberosum, commonly cultivated for both human and animal consumption. In pet food, potato serves primarily as a source of digestible carbohydrates and dietary fibre, supporting energy needs and digestive health. Potato is included in its natural, whole food form, providing a hypoallergenic alternative to common grains in premium pet diets.

Potato is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and bulk to pet food formulations. It also serves as a grain-free alternative to traditional fillers, appealing to consumers seeking grain-free options.

Vegetable Glycerol, Glycerine, E422, Vegetable Glycerin

Vegetable glycerine is a clear, odourless liquid derived from plant oils, typically palm, soy, or coconut. It serves primarily as a humectant, helping to retain moisture in pet food and improve texture. Rather than being used in its raw plant form, vegetable glycerine is extracted and purified for safe consumption and optimal functionality in pet nutrition formulations.

Vegetable glycerine is included as a humectant to retain moisture and improve the texture of pet food products, helping to prevent them from drying out. It also enhances palatability, making the food more appealing to pets.

Hermetia Illucens Larvae, Hermetia Illucens Pupae, BSF Larvae, BSFL

Black Soldier Fly Larvae are the immature stage of the Hermetia illucens insect, originating from an animal source. They are primarily included in pet food as a novel, sustainable protein and fat source, rich in essential amino acids and beneficial fatty acids. Black Soldier Fly Larvae are used in their natural, whole form, providing a highly digestible and environmentally friendly ingredient for pets.

Black soldier fly larvae are included as a novel, sustainable protein and fat source, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional animal proteins. Their use also appeals to environmentally conscious consumers, supporting marketing claims of eco-friendly and innovative pet food formulations.

Cannabis Sativa, Industrial Cannabis, Cannabis Sativa L., Cannabis Spp.

Hemp is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the seeds of the Cannabis sativa plant. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich content of essential fatty acids, protein, and dietary fibre, supporting skin, coat, and digestive health. Hemp is used in its natural, whole seed form, ensuring pets benefit from its complete nutritional profile without psychoactive effects.

Hemp is included as a novel protein and omega fatty acid source, appealing to consumers seeking alternative or holistic ingredients. Its presence also serves a marketing function, enhancing the product’s label appeal with a plant-based, nutrient-rich component.

Valeriana Officinalis, Garden Heliotrope, All-Heal, Phu

Valerian is a perennial plant, traditionally sourced from the root of Valeriana officinalis. In pet food, it is primarily included for its natural calming properties, supporting stress reduction and relaxation. Valerian is used in its natural, dried root form, ensuring the retention of its bioactive compounds. This botanical ingredient offers functional benefits without synthetic additives, aligning with holistic pet nutrition principles.

Valerian is included as a label-friendly ingredient, primarily for its perceived calming properties, appealing to pet owners seeking natural solutions for stress or anxiety in pets. Its addition serves a marketing function, enhancing product differentiation without significantly impacting the nutritional profile.

Matricaria Recutita, German Chamomile, Matricaria Chamomilla, Anthemis Nobilis

Chamomile is a flowering plant from the Asteraceae family, traditionally used for its calming properties. In pet food, chamomile is included primarily for its potential to support digestive health and reduce stress. It is used in its natural, dried whole-flower form, ensuring pets benefit from its bioactive compounds without synthetic alteration or extraction.

Chamomile is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or calming additives, enhancing the product’s marketability. Its functional contribution to the pet food itself is typically minimal.

Magnesia, E530, Magnesium(II) Oxide, Calcined Magnesia

Magnesium oxide is an inorganic compound derived from the mineral magnesium, typically sourced from natural deposits. It is utilised in pet food as a supplemental source of magnesium, an essential mineral that supports nerve, muscle, and bone health. Rather than its raw metallic form, magnesium is provided as magnesium oxide to optimise safety, stability, and bioavailability for pets.

Magnesium oxide is included as a cost-effective mineral supplement to ensure adequate magnesium levels in the diet, supporting essential metabolic functions. Its use allows manufacturers to meet nutritional requirements efficiently without significantly impacting product cost or palatability.

L-Tryptophan, L-α-Aminoindole-3-Propionic Acid, 2-Amino-3-(Indol-3-yl)Propanoic Acid, EAA 10

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid derived from animal or plant protein sources. It plays a crucial role in pet nutrition by supporting protein synthesis and serving as a precursor for serotonin, which influences mood and behaviour. Tryptophan is not used in its isolated, natural form but is instead incorporated as a purified amino acid to optimise dietary balance and bioavailability in pet food formulations.

Tryptophan is included as an essential amino acid to support complete and balanced nutrition, meeting regulatory requirements for canine dietary adequacy. Its addition ensures the product can be marketed as providing all necessary amino acids for dogs’ health.

Avena Sativa, Avena Sativa Herb, Avena Sativa Aerial Parts, Green Oat Herb

Oat straw is the dried stem and leaves of the oat plant (Avena sativa), a cereal grain of plant origin. It is primarily included in pet food as a source of dietary fibre, supporting digestive health and regularity. Oat straw is used in its natural, whole form, providing a gentle, natural fibre source rather than a processed or extracted component.

Oat straw is included as a cost-effective fibre source to increase bulk and aid digestive regularity in pet food formulations. Its presence also allows manufacturers to optimise production costs while maintaining label appeal with a recognisable, natural-sounding ingredient.

Petroselinum Crispum, Garden Parsley, Common Parsley, E461

Parsley is a leafy herb of plant origin, commonly used in pet food for its natural antioxidant properties and as a source of vitamins such as vitamin K and C. It is primarily included to support immune health and freshen breath. In pet food formulations, parsley is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring the retention of its beneficial phytonutrients and fibre content.

Parsley is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or recognisable components in pet food. It may also be added for its perceived breath-freshening properties, though its functional impact on canine nutrition is minimal.

Ipomoea Batatas, Kumara, Batata, Camote

Sweet potato is a root vegetable of plant origin, valued for its rich content of complex carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients such as vitamin A. In pet food, sweet potato serves primarily as a digestible energy source and supports digestive health. It is incorporated in its natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and palatability for companion animals.

Sweet potato is included as a cost-effective, highly digestible carbohydrate source that provides energy and dietary fibre. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient appealing to consumers seeking natural, whole-food components in pet food.

Autolysed Yeast, Yeast Autolysate, Hydrolysed Yeast, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Extract

Yeast extract is a concentrated derivative of yeast cells, typically sourced from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a type of fungus. It is primarily included in pet food as a natural flavour enhancer and a source of B vitamins and amino acids. Rather than using whole yeast, yeast extract is utilised in its processed form to optimise nutrient availability and palatability for pets.

Yeast extract is included as a palatability enhancer to improve the flavour profile of pet food, making it more appealing to animals. It may also serve as a source of nutrients such as B vitamins, supporting marketing claims of added nutritional value.

Plant-Based Palatant, Vegan Flavour Enhancer, Plant-Derived Palatant, Plant-Origin Palatant

Vegan palatant is a plant-derived ingredient formulated to enhance the aroma and flavour of pet food, thereby increasing palatability for animals. Its primary function is to encourage consistent food intake, especially in diets free from animal products. Vegan palatant is not a whole food but a blend of natural and processed plant-based compounds, specifically designed for optimal taste and acceptance.

Vegan palatant is included to enhance the aroma and flavour of pet food, increasing palatability for animals without using animal-derived ingredients. It also supports marketing claims for plant-based or vegan formulations, appealing to consumers seeking ethical or allergen-friendly options.

Sodium Chloride, NaCl, Table Salt, E535

Salt is a mineral ingredient derived from the combination of sodium and chloride, typically sourced from natural deposits or seawater. It is primarily included in pet food to support electrolyte balance, nerve function, and hydration. Salt is not used in its raw mineral form but is utilised as sodium chloride, a purified compound, to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal absorption in pets.

Salt is included as a palatability enhancer to improve taste and encourage consumption, and also functions as a preservative to help extend product shelf life. Its use allows manufacturers to optimise flavour while maintaining product stability.

Corn Sugar Gum, E415, Polysaccharide B1459, Xanthomonas Campestris Fermentation Product

Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of plant-based sugars by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It serves primarily as a thickening and stabilising agent in pet food, helping to maintain texture and consistency. Xanthan gum is not used in its natural microbial form; instead, it is purified and dried into a fine powder for safe and effective utilisation in formulations.

Xanthan gum is included as a stabilising and thickening agent to improve the texture and consistency of pet food formulations. It also helps maintain product uniformity and shelf stability during storage.

Edible Vegetable Oil, Edible Plant Oil, Plant Oil, Oleum Vegetabile

Vegetable oil is a plant-derived fat extracted from various seeds or fruits, such as sunflower, canola, or soybean. It serves primarily as an energy source and supports the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins in pet food. Vegetable oil is used in its refined, edible form rather than as raw plant material, ensuring safety, palatability, and optimal nutrient availability for pets.

Vegetable oil is included as a cost-effective source of dietary fat and energy, supporting palatability and contributing to the texture of the final product. It may also be used to deliver essential fatty acids and improve the appearance of the kibble.

E202, Sorbistat K, Potassium (E202), Potassium Salt of Sorbic Acid

Potassium sorbate is a preservative derived from sorbic acid, a naturally occurring compound found in some fruits, but it is manufactured synthetically for commercial use. Its primary function in pet food is to inhibit the growth of moulds and yeasts, thereby extending shelf life. Potassium sorbate is not used in its natural state but as a salt compound to ensure safety and effective preservation.

Potassium sorbate is included as a preservative to inhibit the growth of mould, yeast, and some bacteria, thereby extending the product’s shelf life. Its use allows manufacturers to maintain product stability and freshness during storage and distribution.

Micronutrients, Essential Micronutrients, Vital Nutrients, Accessory Food Factors

Vitamins are organic compounds derived from both plant and animal sources, essential for numerous metabolic and physiological functions in pets. Their primary purpose is to support immune health, vision, bone development, and cellular processes. In pet food, vitamins are not used in their natural, raw forms but are instead incorporated as stabilised compounds or premixes to ensure safety, stability, and optimal bioavailability.

Vitamins are included to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory requirements for complete and balanced pet food. They may also be added to compensate for nutrient losses during processing and storage.

Dietary Minerals, Inorganic Nutrients, Essential Minerals, Bulk Elements

Minerals are essential inorganic nutrients derived from the earth, not produced by animals or plants. They play a critical role in supporting various physiological functions, such as bone development, nerve transmission, and enzyme activity. In pet food, minerals are not used in their natural raw or metallic state; instead, they are incorporated as specific compounds (such as sulphates or chelates) to optimise safety and bioavailability.

Minerals are included to meet essential nutritional requirements for pets, supporting overall health and proper bodily functions. They are often added in precise amounts to ensure the product complies with regulatory standards and nutrient profiles.

Tocopherol, Mixed Tocopherols, E306, Rosemary Extract

Natural antioxidant refers to a substance, typically derived from plant sources, that helps protect pet food from oxidative damage and spoilage. Its primary function is to preserve freshness and extend shelf life by inhibiting the oxidation of fats and oils. In pet food, natural antioxidants are used in their natural form, ensuring safety and effective absorption without the need for chemical modification.

Natural antioxidants are included to help preserve the freshness and stability of pet food by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils, thereby extending shelf life. They also serve as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives, appealing to consumers seeking more natural ingredients.