PLUS Working Dog Adult All Breeds Dry Dog Food

Cereal Grains, Cereal Wholegrains, Whole Cereal Grains, Triticum Aestivum Spp.

Wholegrain cereals are plant-derived ingredients that include the entire grain kernel—bran, germ, and endosperm—commonly sourced from wheat, oats, or barley. They are primarily included in pet food for their dietary fibre, energy, and essential nutrients. Wholegrain cereals are used in their natural, unrefined form, ensuring the retention of their full nutritional profile for optimal health benefits.

Wholegrain cereals are included as a cost-effective source of carbohydrates and dietary fibre, contributing to product bulk and energy content. They also appeal to consumers seeking recognisable, "wholesome" ingredients on the label.

Cereal Byproducts, Cereal By-Product, Cereal Byproduct, Cereal By-Products Meal

Cereal by-products are plant-derived ingredients obtained from the processing of grains such as wheat, rice, or barley. They are primarily included in pet food as a source of dietary fibre and energy, supporting digestive health and providing essential nutrients. These by-products are not used in their whole grain form but as milled fractions or bran, optimised for digestibility and nutritional value.

Cereal by-products are included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source and bulk-adding agent, helping manufacturers optimise production costs while maintaining product texture. They may also contribute to the overall energy content of the pet food.

Animal Flesh, Muscle Tissue, Animal Protein, Skeletal Muscle

Meat refers to the edible muscle tissue derived from animals, commonly sourced from species such as chicken, beef, or lamb. It serves as a high-quality source of protein, essential amino acids, and vital nutrients like iron and B vitamins, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health. In pet food, meat is used in its natural form, ensuring optimal nutrient availability and palatability for pets.

Meat is included as a primary protein source to support essential amino acid requirements and overall nutritional value in pet food. Its presence also enhances palatability, making the product more appealing to pets.

Animal By-Products, Animal Derivatives, Animal Offal, Animal Spp. By-Products

Meat by-products are animal-derived ingredients obtained from the non-rendered, clean parts of slaughtered animals, excluding meat, such as organs and tissues. They provide essential proteins, vitamins, and minerals, supporting overall pet health. Meat by-products are used in their natural, edible form, ensuring nutrient density and palatability. Their inclusion helps optimise nutrient profiles and reduce food waste in premium pet foods.

Meat by-products are included as a cost-effective protein source, utilising parts of the animal not typically consumed by humans to maximise resource efficiency. They contribute essential nutrients while helping manufacturers maintain competitive pricing.

Lipids, Triglycerides, Triacylglycerols, E471

Fats are essential macronutrients derived from both animal and plant sources, providing concentrated energy and supporting the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins in pet diets. Their primary purpose is to supply energy, promote healthy skin and coat, and aid in cellular function. In pet food, fats are typically utilised in processed or rendered forms, rather than as whole food sources, to optimise digestibility and nutritional value.

Fats are included as a concentrated energy source and to enhance palatability, making the product more appealing to pets. They also aid in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and contribute to desirable texture and mouthfeel.

Vegetable Oils, Fixed Oils, Edible Oils, Triglycerides

Oils are lipid-based ingredients derived from plant or animal sources, such as fish, flaxseed, or chicken. They are primarily included in pet food to provide essential fatty acids, support skin and coat health, and enhance palatability. Oils are utilised in their extracted, purified form rather than as whole foods, ensuring optimal absorption and safety for pets.

Oils are included as a concentrated source of dietary fat to provide essential fatty acids and support skin and coat health. They also enhance palatability and can improve the texture and energy density of the final product.

Poultry Gravy, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Gravy, Chicken Sauce, Poultry Sauce

Chicken gravy is a flavourful ingredient derived from the cooking juices of chicken, an animal source. It is primarily included in pet food to enhance palatability and provide a savoury taste that encourages consumption. Chicken gravy is used in its cooked, liquid form rather than as a raw ingredient, ensuring both safety and digestibility for pets.

Chicken gravy is included to enhance palatability, making the product more appealing to pets. It may also serve as a label-friendly ingredient that signals quality and flavour to consumers.

Dietary Fibre, Plant Fibre, Fibre, E460

Vegetable fibres are plant-derived components sourced from various vegetables and are included in pet food formulations. Their primary purpose is to support digestive health by providing insoluble and soluble fibre, which aids in healthy bowel function and stool quality. Vegetable fibres are used in their natural form, ensuring pets receive the functional benefits of whole plant material.

Vegetable fibres are included as a cost-effective source of dietary fibre to support digestive health and promote stool quality. They also serve as a bulk-adding agent, helping to optimise product texture and satiety.

Iodized Salt, Iodate Salt, Iodised Sodium Chloride, Iodised Table Salt

Iodised salt is a mineral-based ingredient produced by adding iodine, an essential trace element, to refined table salt. Sourced from mineral deposits, its primary purpose is to provide dietary sodium and ensure adequate iodine intake, supporting thyroid function and metabolic health. Iodised salt is not used in its natural raw form; instead, it is utilised as a fortified compound to optimise safety and bioavailability.

Iodised salt is included as a cost-effective source of essential sodium and iodine, supporting pet health and meeting nutritional requirements. It also acts as a flavour enhancer to improve palatability.

E170, Elemental Calcium, Ca, Calcium Metal

Calcium is an essential mineral derived from natural sources such as limestone or marine shells. It plays a critical role in supporting healthy bone and teeth development, nerve transmission, and muscle function in pets. Calcium is not used in its raw or metallic state; instead, it is utilised in pet food as safe, bioavailable compounds like calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate to optimise absorption.

Calcium is included as an essential mineral to support bone development and maintenance in pets, ensuring nutritional adequacy according to regulatory standards. It may also serve as a functional additive to optimise product texture and stability.

E339, Orthophosphate, Inorganic Phosphate, Phosphate Ion

Phosphorus is an essential mineral element derived from both animal and plant sources. It plays a critical role in supporting healthy bone and tooth development, as well as energy metabolism in pets. In pet food, phosphorus is not used in its natural, raw or metallic state; instead, it is utilised as specific compounds, such as calcium phosphate, to ensure safety and optimal absorption.

Phosphorus is included as an essential mineral to support bone development and metabolic functions in pets. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with regulatory labelling standards for complete and balanced pet foods.

Kalium, E340, K, Atomic Number 19

Potassium is an essential mineral element sourced from the earth and is vital for maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle health in pets. In pet food, potassium is not used in its natural metallic state; instead, it is utilised as safe, bioavailable compounds such as potassium chloride or potassium sulphate to optimise absorption and support overall wellbeing.

Potassium is included as an essential mineral to support electrolyte balance and proper muscle and nerve function in pets. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with established pet food nutrient profiles.

Epsom Salt, Mg, Elemental Magnesium, Magnesium Metal

Magnesium is an essential mineral element sourced from the earth, commonly included in pet food formulations to support muscle function, nerve transmission, and bone health. It is not used in its natural metallic state; instead, magnesium is utilised as a safe, bioavailable compound such as magnesium sulphate or magnesium oxide to optimise absorption and ensure dietary adequacy for pets.

Magnesium is included as an essential mineral to support metabolic and neuromuscular functions in pets, fulfilling nutritional requirements for complete and balanced pet food. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards and appeals to consumers seeking scientifically formulated diets.

Ferrum, Fe, E1, Elemental Iron

Iron is an essential mineral sourced from both animal and plant origins, crucial for oxygen transport and energy metabolism in pets. Its primary benefit is supporting healthy red blood cell formation and preventing anaemia. Iron is not used in its natural, raw, or metallic state; instead, it is utilised in pet food as safe, bioavailable compounds such as iron sulphate or iron proteinate to optimise absorption.

Iron is included as an essential mineral to support healthy blood function and overall metabolism in pets. Its addition ensures the product meets nutritional requirements and regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food.

Cu, ECP, CI 77400, C.I. 77400

Copper is an essential trace mineral sourced from the earth and is vital for numerous physiological functions in pets. It primarily supports red blood cell formation, connective tissue development, and immune system health. Copper is not used in its natural metallic state; instead, it is incorporated into pet food as safe, bioavailable compounds such as copper sulphate or copper proteinate to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Copper is included as an essential trace mineral to meet nutritional requirements for dogs, supporting enzyme function and red blood cell formation. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

E34, Manganum, Mn, EINECS 231-105-1

Manganese is an essential trace mineral sourced from the earth and is vital for numerous metabolic processes in pets. It primarily supports bone development, enzyme function, and antioxidant defence. Manganese is not used in its natural metallic state; instead, it is incorporated into pet food as a safe, bioavailable compound such as manganese sulphate or manganese oxide to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Manganese is included as an essential trace mineral to support metabolic and skeletal health in pets, fulfilling nutritional requirements for complete and balanced pet food. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards and appeals to consumers seeking scientifically formulated diets.

Selen, E578, Atomic Number 34, Se

Selenium is an essential trace mineral sourced from the earth, typically derived from plant or yeast-based compounds for pet food use. It plays a crucial role in supporting antioxidant defences and thyroid function. Selenium is not used in its natural, raw metallic state; instead, it is utilised as a safe, bioavailable compound such as sodium selenite or selenomethionine to optimise absorption and efficacy.

Selenium is included as an essential trace mineral to meet nutritional requirements and support overall health in pets. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food formulations.

Oligofructose, FOS, Oligofructan, E968

Fructooligosaccharides are short-chain carbohydrates derived from plant sources such as chicory root. They serve primarily as prebiotics, supporting digestive health by promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. Fructooligosaccharides are not used in their whole plant form but are extracted and purified for inclusion in pet food, ensuring optimal efficacy and digestibility for companion animals.

Fructooligosaccharides are included as a prebiotic fibre to support digestive health by promoting beneficial gut bacteria. They also serve as a label-friendly functional ingredient that can enhance the perceived nutritional value of the product.

Mojave Yucca, Spanish Dagger, Soapweed, Yucca Extract

Yucca Schidigera is a plant extract derived from the stem of the Yucca schidigera plant, native to arid regions of North America. It is primarily included in pet food to help reduce stool odour by binding ammonia and other waste compounds. Yucca Schidigera is utilised in a processed extract form, rather than as the whole plant, to optimise its functional benefits and safety.

Yucca Schidigera is included as a natural deodorising agent to reduce stool and urine odour in pets. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.

Trimethylethanolamine Chloride, Choline Monochloride, E1001, 2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-Trimethylethanaminium Chloride

Choline chloride is a synthetic compound derived from choline, an essential nutrient typically sourced from plant or animal origins. It is primarily included in pet food to support healthy brain function, liver metabolism, and cellular structure. Choline is not used in its natural state; instead, it is utilised as choline chloride to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption in pet diets.

Choline chloride is included as an essential nutrient to support normal liver function and brain health in pets. It is a cost-effective way to meet regulatory requirements for choline content in complete and balanced pet foods.

Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Retinyl Acetate, E160a

Vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble nutrient derived from animal sources (as retinyl esters) or plant sources (as carotenoids). It supports vision, immune function, and skin health in pets. In pet food, Vitamin A is not used in its raw or natural state but is provided as stabilised compounds (such as retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate) to ensure safety, stability, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin A is included as an essential nutrient to support vision, immune function, and overall health in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition also allows manufacturers to optimise the nutritional profile and comply with regulatory labelling requirements.

Cholecalciferol, Colecalciferol, Calciol, E671

Vitamin D3, also known as cholecalciferol, is a fat-soluble vitamin of animal origin commonly derived from lanolin or fish oil. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism, supporting healthy bone development in pets. Vitamin D3 is not used in its natural form but is instead utilised as a stabilised compound to ensure safety, efficacy, and optimal absorption in pet food formulations.

Vitamin D3 is included to ensure the finished product meets established nutritional requirements for canine health, supporting bone development and calcium regulation. Its addition allows manufacturers to guarantee consistent vitamin content regardless of natural variation in raw materials.

Tocopherol, Alpha-Tocopherol, E307, D-Alpha-Tocopherol

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin derived from plant sources such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. It functions primarily as an antioxidant, helping to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage and supporting immune health. In pet food, Vitamin E is not used in its natural raw form but is typically utilised as a stabilised compound, such as tocopherol acetate, to optimise safety and absorption.

Vitamin E is included as a natural antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of fats and oils in the product, thereby extending shelf life. It also serves as a label-friendly nutrient that appeals to consumers seeking added health benefits for their pets.

Ascorbic Acid, L-Ascorbic Acid, E300, L-Threo-Hex-2-Enono-1,4-Lactone

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin of plant origin commonly included in pet food formulations. Its primary purpose is to support immune function and act as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from oxidative damage. Vitamin C is not used in its natural fruit form but is instead utilised as a synthesised compound to ensure stability and consistent dosage.

Vitamin C is included as an antioxidant to help preserve the freshness and stability of the product by slowing oxidation. It may also be added for its perceived health benefits, supporting marketing claims related to immune support.

Thiamine, Thiamin, Aneurin, E101

Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or plant origin. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy nerve and muscle function in pets. In pet food, thiamine is not used in its natural raw form but is typically utilised as thiamine mononitrate or thiamine hydrochloride to optimise stability, safety, and absorption.

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is included as an essential nutrient to meet regulatory requirements for canine health and to prevent deficiency-related disorders. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and supports normal metabolic function in pets.

Riboflavin, E101, Lactoflavin, Vitamin G

Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or microbial origin commonly added to pet foods. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system function. Vitamin B2 is not used in its natural raw form but is instead utilised as riboflavin, a stable compound, to optimise safety and bioavailability in pet diets.

Vitamin B2 is included as an essential nutrient to meet dogs’ dietary requirements and support metabolic functions. Its addition ensures nutritional adequacy and compliance with regulatory labelling standards.

Nicotinic Acid, Niacin, Pyridine-3-Carboxylic Acid, E375

Vitamin B3, also known as niacin, is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant or animal sources. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and supports healthy skin and nervous system function. In pet food, Vitamin B3 is not used in its raw form but is typically included as niacinamide or nicotinic acid to optimise safety and absorption.

Vitamin B3 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic function and overall health in pets. Its addition ensures the product meets nutritional requirements and regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food.

Pantothenic Acid, D-Pantothenic Acid, Calcium Pantothenate, E315

Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin of plant and animal origin. It plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and the synthesis of fatty acids, supporting overall cellular function. In pet food, Vitamin B5 is not used in its raw or natural state but is typically included as a stable, bioavailable compound such as calcium pantothenate for optimal absorption.

Vitamin B5 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic function and overall health in pets. Its addition ensures the product meets nutritional standards and regulatory requirements for complete and balanced pet food.

Pyridoxine, Pyridoxol, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, E101a

Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant or animal sources. It plays a crucial role in protein metabolism, red blood cell formation, and nervous system function. In pet food, Vitamin B6 is not used in its raw form but is typically included as a stable compound, such as pyridoxine hydrochloride, to optimise safety and bioavailability.

Vitamin B6 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic and neurological functions in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims required for commercial pet foods.

Folic Acid, Folate, Pteroylglutamic Acid, E285

Vitamin B9, also known as folate, is a water-soluble B vitamin of synthetic or natural origin, commonly derived from plant sources or produced as folic acid for supplementation. Its primary role is to support cell division, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. In pet food, Vitamin B9 is not used in its raw form but is typically utilised as folic acid to optimise stability and absorption.

Vitamin B9 is included to meet nutritional requirements for dogs, supporting metabolic and cellular functions. Its addition ensures compliance with regulatory standards for complete and balanced pet food labelling.

Cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin of animal origin, essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation in pets. It is primarily included in pet food to support energy metabolism and overall vitality. Vitamin B12 is not used in its natural, raw form but is instead utilised as a specific compound, such as cyanocobalamin, to ensure stability, safety, and optimal absorption.

Vitamin B12 is included as an essential nutrient to support metabolic and neurological functions in pets, ensuring the product meets established nutritional standards. Its addition helps manufacturers achieve complete and balanced labelling claims.

Hen Egg, Chicken Egg, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Egg, Avian Egg

Egg is an animal-derived ingredient sourced from poultry, commonly used in pet food for its high-quality protein and essential amino acids. It provides vital nutrients that support muscle development and overall health. In pet food, egg is typically included in its natural, whole form—either as dried or fresh egg—ensuring optimal digestibility and nutrient availability for pets.

Egg is included as a high-quality, bioavailable protein source to support muscle development and overall nutrition. It also enhances the product’s nutritional profile, appealing to consumers seeking premium or natural pet food options.

Tocopherol, Mixed Tocopherols, E306, Rosemary Extract

Natural antioxidant refers to a substance, typically derived from plant sources, that helps protect pet food from oxidative damage and spoilage. Its primary function is to preserve freshness and extend shelf life by inhibiting the oxidation of fats and oils. In pet food, natural antioxidants are used in their natural form, ensuring safety and effective absorption without the need for chemical modification.

Natural antioxidants are included to help preserve the freshness and stability of pet food by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils, thereby extending shelf life. They also serve as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives, appealing to consumers seeking more natural ingredients.