Fish and Brown Rice Dry Adult Food

Fish Meal, Marine Fish Meal, Pelagic Fish Meal, Fishmeal (Marine Origin)

Ocean fish meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from whole ocean-caught fish or fish trimmings, making it an animal-based product. It is primarily included in pet food for its high-quality protein and essential omega-3 fatty acids, supporting muscle maintenance and skin health. Ocean fish meal is not used in its natural whole form but is processed and dried to optimise digestibility and nutrient availability.

Ocean fish meal is included as a concentrated protein and omega-3 fatty acid source, supporting nutritional requirements and product labelling claims. It also serves as a palatability enhancer, making the food more appealing to pets.

Rendered Chicken, Chicken Protein Meal, Dehydrated Gallus Gallus Domesticus, Rendered Gallus Gallus Domesticus

Chicken meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from rendered, clean chicken flesh and skin, excluding feathers, heads, feet, and entrails. Sourced from animal origin, it serves as a highly digestible protein source, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Chicken meal is not used in its natural whole form but is processed and dried to optimise nutrient density and shelf stability.

Chicken meal is included as a concentrated protein source that provides essential amino acids for pet health while allowing manufacturers to optimise protein content cost-effectively. Its low moisture content also contributes to improved product stability and shelf life.

Rice Flour, Oryza Sativa Flour, Milled Rice, Oryza Sativa

Ground rice is a plant-derived ingredient produced by milling whole rice grains into a fine powder. It serves primarily as a digestible carbohydrate source, providing energy and aiding in kibble structure. In pet food, ground rice is used in its natural form, retaining the nutritional qualities of the original grain while enhancing digestibility and palatability for pets.

Ground rice is included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides energy and helps create a desirable texture in pet food. It also serves as a bulk-adding agent, contributing to product consistency and palatability.

Avena Sativa, Groats, Avena Sativa Grain, Avena Sativa Seed

Oats are a cereal grain derived from the plant Avena sativa and are commonly included in pet foods as a source of complex carbohydrates and dietary fibre. Their primary nutritional benefit is to provide sustained energy and support digestive health. Oats are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring the retention of their inherent nutrients and functional properties for optimal pet nutrition.

Oats are included as a cost-effective carbohydrate source that provides dietary fibre and energy. They also serve as a label-friendly ingredient, appealing to consumers seeking whole grains in pet food formulations.

Rendered Lamb, Dehydrated Lamb, Ovis Aries Meal, Processed Lamb Protein

Lamb meal is a concentrated protein ingredient derived from lamb, an animal source, by rendering and drying lamb meat and tissue. It provides a highly digestible source of essential amino acids, supporting muscle maintenance and overall health in pets. Unlike whole lamb, lamb meal is utilised in a processed, dehydrated form to optimise nutrient density and shelf stability in premium pet foods.

Lamb meal is included as a concentrated protein source that provides essential amino acids while allowing for consistent nutrient levels in formulation. Its use also enables manufacturers to market the product as containing a novel or premium animal protein, appealing to consumers seeking alternative or hypoallergenic options.

Poultry Fat, Gallus Gallus Domesticus Fat, Rendered Chicken Fat, Chicken Oil

Chicken fat is an animal-derived ingredient obtained from rendering chicken tissue. It serves primarily as a concentrated source of energy and essential fatty acids, supporting skin and coat health in pets. Chicken fat is used in its natural rendered form, not as a raw or unprocessed fat, ensuring palatability and digestibility while providing a stable, high-quality lipid source in pet food formulations.

Chicken fat is included as a highly digestible source of animal fat, providing essential fatty acids and enhancing the palatability of the product. It also contributes to the energy content of the food in a cost-effective manner.

Tocopherols, E306, Natural Tocopherols Concentrate, D-Alpha Tocopherol Concentrate

Mixed tocopherols are a blend of compounds derived from plant oils, primarily functioning as a source of vitamin E. Their main purpose in pet food is to act as natural antioxidants, helping to preserve the freshness of fats and oils. Rather than being used in their isolated, pure form, mixed tocopherols are incorporated as stabilised extracts to optimise safety, efficacy, and nutrient retention.

Mixed tocopherols are included as a natural preservative to extend shelf life by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils in pet food. They are often used as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives to appeal to consumer preferences for natural ingredients.

2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid, E330, 3-Carboxy-3-Hydroxypentanedioic Acid, Monohydrate Citric Acid

Citric acid is an organic compound derived primarily from citrus fruits, though it is commonly produced via fermentation for commercial use. Its main purpose in pet food is as a natural preservative and acidity regulator, helping to maintain freshness and inhibit spoilage. Citric acid is not used in its raw, crystalline form but is incorporated as a purified, food-grade compound to ensure safety and efficacy.

Citric acid is included as a preservative to enhance product stability and extend shelf life by inhibiting microbial growth. It may also be used to adjust acidity, optimising flavour and maintaining the quality of the final product.

Rosmarinus Officinalis Extract, E392, Rosemary Oleoresin, Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract

Rosemary extract is a plant-derived ingredient obtained from the leaves of the rosemary herb (Rosmarinus officinalis). It is primarily included in pet food as a natural antioxidant, helping to preserve fats and oils and extend shelf life. Rosemary extract is used in its natural form, ensuring the retention of its beneficial compounds without chemical alteration.

Rosemary extract is included as a natural preservative to help extend shelf life by inhibiting oxidation of fats and oils. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.

Southern Peas, Cowpeas, Vigna Unguiculata, Black-Eyed Peas

Field peas are a plant-derived legume commonly included in pet food formulations. Sourced from Pisum sativum, they provide a valuable source of plant protein, dietary fibre, and essential micronutrients. Their primary nutritional benefit is to support muscle maintenance and digestive health. Field peas are used in their natural, whole form, ensuring optimal nutrient retention and digestibility for pets.

Field peas are included as a cost-effective source of protein and carbohydrates, helping to optimise the nutritional profile while managing production costs. They also serve as a label-friendly, grain-free alternative that appeals to consumer preferences.

Dried Sugar Beet Pulp, Sugar Beet Fibre, Beta Vulgaris Pulp, Sugar Beet Residue

Beet pulp is a fibrous by-product derived from sugar beet plants after sugar extraction. It serves as a valuable source of moderately fermentable fibre, supporting digestive health and stool quality in pets. Beet pulp is incorporated in its dried, processed form rather than as raw beet, ensuring optimal digestibility and nutrient availability for companion animals.

Beet pulp is included as a cost-effective source of dietary fibre to promote digestive health and stool quality in pets. It also serves as a bulk-adding agent, helping to optimise product texture and satiety.

Laminaria Spp., Macrocystis Pyrifera, Ascophyllum Nodosum, Brown Seaweed

Kelp is a type of large, edible seaweed sourced from marine environments and classified as a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its rich supply of natural iodine, which supports healthy thyroid function. Kelp is used in its dried, ground natural form, allowing pets to benefit from its trace minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants in a bioavailable manner.

Kelp is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketing, as it is associated with natural sources of vitamins and minerals. It may also serve as a trace mineral supplement to support nutritional completeness in pet food formulations.

Rapeseed Oil, Brassica Napus Oil, Brassica Rapa Oil, E471 (when derived from canola)

Canola oil is a plant-derived oil extracted from the seeds of the canola plant (Brassica napus). It serves as a valuable source of energy and provides essential fatty acids, particularly omega-3 and omega-6, which support skin and coat health in pets. Canola oil is used in its refined, food-grade form to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal nutrient absorption.

Canola oil is included as a cost-effective source of fat and essential fatty acids, supporting energy density and skin and coat health in pet food formulations. It also contributes to product palatability and helps optimise texture.

Sodium Chloride, NaCl, Table Salt, E535

Salt is a mineral ingredient derived from the combination of sodium and chloride, typically sourced from natural deposits or seawater. It is primarily included in pet food to support electrolyte balance, nerve function, and hydration. Salt is not used in its raw mineral form but is utilised as sodium chloride, a purified compound, to ensure safety, palatability, and optimal absorption in pets.

Salt is included as a palatability enhancer to improve taste and encourage consumption, and also functions as a preservative to help extend product shelf life. Its use allows manufacturers to optimise flavour while maintaining product stability.

Micronutrients, Essential Micronutrients, Vital Nutrients, Accessory Food Factors

Vitamins are organic compounds derived from both plant and animal sources, essential for numerous metabolic and physiological functions in pets. Their primary purpose is to support immune health, vision, bone development, and cellular processes. In pet food, vitamins are not used in their natural, raw forms but are instead incorporated as stabilised compounds or premixes to ensure safety, stability, and optimal bioavailability.

Vitamins are included to ensure nutritional adequacy and meet regulatory requirements for complete and balanced pet food. They may also be added to compensate for nutrient losses during processing and storage.

Dietary Minerals, Inorganic Nutrients, Essential Minerals, Bulk Elements

Minerals are essential inorganic nutrients derived from the earth, not produced by animals or plants. They play a critical role in supporting various physiological functions, such as bone development, nerve transmission, and enzyme activity. In pet food, minerals are not used in their natural raw or metallic state; instead, they are incorporated as specific compounds (such as sulphates or chelates) to optimise safety and bioavailability.

Minerals are included to meet essential nutritional requirements for pets, supporting overall health and proper bodily functions. They are often added in precise amounts to ensure the product complies with regulatory standards and nutrient profiles.

Tocopherol, Mixed Tocopherols, E306, Rosemary Extract

Natural antioxidant refers to a substance, typically derived from plant sources, that helps protect pet food from oxidative damage and spoilage. Its primary function is to preserve freshness and extend shelf life by inhibiting the oxidation of fats and oils. In pet food, natural antioxidants are used in their natural form, ensuring safety and effective absorption without the need for chemical modification.

Natural antioxidants are included to help preserve the freshness and stability of pet food by slowing the oxidation of fats and oils, thereby extending shelf life. They also serve as a label-friendly alternative to synthetic preservatives, appealing to consumers seeking more natural ingredients.

Dromaius Novaehollandiae Oil, Emu Fat Oil, Emu Adipose Oil, Dromaius Oil

Emu oil is a natural fat derived from the rendered adipose tissue of the emu, a native Australian bird. Sourced from animal origin, it is primarily included in pet food for its rich content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, supporting skin and coat health. Emu oil is used in its natural, refined form to optimise bioavailability and nutritional benefit.

Emu oil is included as a source of omega fatty acids to support skin and coat health, providing a functional benefit that can be highlighted in marketing. Its presence allows manufacturers to differentiate their product with a novel animal-derived ingredient appealing to consumers seeking unique or premium formulations.

Yucca Extract, Yucca schidigera, Yucca Spp., Cassava Extract

Yucca Schidigera Extract is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the Yucca schidigera plant native to arid regions of North America. It is primarily included in pet food to help reduce stool odour by binding ammonia and other waste gases. Rather than using the whole plant, a concentrated extract is utilised to optimise its functional benefits and ensure consistent efficacy.

Yucca Schidigera Extract is included to reduce stool odour by binding ammonia and other waste gases, thereby improving the perceived cleanliness of the pet and its environment. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.

2-Amino-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose, D-Glucosamine, Chitosamine, 2-Amino-2-Deoxyglucose

Glucosamine is an amino sugar compound typically derived from shellfish or produced synthetically. It is included in pet food primarily to support joint health by aiding cartilage maintenance and repair. Glucosamine is not used in its natural raw form; instead, it is utilised as a stabilised compound, such as glucosamine hydrochloride or glucosamine sulphate, to optimise safety, stability, and absorption in pets.

Glucosamine is included as a functional additive to support joint health and mobility, particularly in senior or large-breed pets. Its presence also serves as a marketing feature, appealing to consumers seeking products with perceived health benefits for their pets.

Chondroitin Sulphate, Chondroitin Polysulphate, Chondroitin Sulphate Sodium, Chondroitin Sulphate (Haliotis Spp.)

Chondroitin is a naturally occurring compound derived from animal cartilage, commonly sourced from bovine or marine origins. It is primarily included in pet food to support joint health by aiding cartilage resilience and reducing inflammation. Chondroitin is not used in its raw form; instead, it is utilised as chondroitin sulphate, a processed compound that optimises safety and bioavailability for pets.

Chondroitin is included as a functional ingredient to support joint health, appealing to consumers seeking products with perceived health benefits for ageing or active pets. Its presence also serves as a marketing differentiator, allowing manufacturers to position the product as premium or specialised.

Dehydrated Tomato, Solanum Lycopersicum Powder, Spray-Dried Tomato, Dried Tomato Powder

Tomato powder is a dehydrated form of tomatoes, a plant-based ingredient derived from ripe, whole tomatoes. It is primarily included in pet food for its natural source of antioxidants, such as lycopene, as well as vitamins and minerals that support overall health. Tomato powder is used in its natural, powdered form, allowing for easy incorporation and consistent nutrient delivery in pet food formulations.

Tomato powder is included as a natural source of vitamins and antioxidants, enhancing the nutritional profile for marketing appeal. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that can improve colour and palatability without significantly increasing production costs.

Daucus Carota, Daucus Carota Root, Daucus Carota Sativa, Wild Carrot

Carrot is a root vegetable of plant origin, widely recognised for its vibrant orange colour and natural sweetness. In pet food, carrot is included in its natural, whole form to provide dietary fibre, beta-carotene (a precursor to vitamin A), and antioxidants. Its primary benefit is supporting digestive health and immune function, while also contributing to overall palatability and nutritional diversity.

Carrot is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking recognisable, natural components and to enhance the product’s perceived nutritional value. It may also provide a modest source of fibre and vitamins, supporting marketing claims of added health benefits.

Dehydrated Blueberry, Vaccinium Spp., Freeze-Dried Blueberry, Blueberry Powder

Dried blueberry is a fruit ingredient derived from the whole blueberry, a plant-based source native to various regions. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant content, natural fibre, and contribution to palatability. Dried blueberry is used in its natural form, retaining much of the fruit’s original nutritional profile, including vitamins, minerals, and beneficial phytonutrients.

Dried blueberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to consumers seeking natural antioxidants and superfoods in pet food. Its presence supports marketing claims of added nutritional value, though it is typically used in small amounts with minimal functional impact on the animal's diet.

Taraxacum Officinale, Taraxaci Herba, Taraxaci Radix, Lion's Tooth

Dandelion is a plant-derived ingredient sourced from the leaves and roots of the Taraxacum officinale plant. It is primarily included in pet food for its natural prebiotic fibre content, which supports digestive health and beneficial gut bacteria. Dandelion is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets receive its full spectrum of nutrients and bioactive compounds.

Dandelion is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers, as it is associated with natural and holistic pet nutrition. It may also serve as a source of fibre and micronutrients, though its functional impact on the pet food is typically minimal.

Mentha × Piperita, Mentha Piperita, Peppermint Oil, Mentha × Piperita Oil

Peppermint is a plant-derived herb from the Mentha genus, valued for its aromatic leaves. In pet food, peppermint is primarily included to support digestive health and freshen breath. It is used in its natural form, with dried or ground leaves incorporated directly into formulations. This natural inclusion ensures pets benefit from its essential oils and phytonutrients without synthetic additives.

Peppermint is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to pet owners seeking natural or holistic components, and may also be intended to impart a fresh aroma to the product. Its functional impact on pets is minimal at typical inclusion rates.

Rosmarinus Officinalis, Salvia Rosmarinus, E392, Rosemary Extract

Rosemary is a fragrant herb derived from the leaves of the Rosmarinus officinalis plant. It is included in pet food primarily for its natural antioxidant properties, which help preserve freshness and support overall health. Rosemary is used in its natural form, typically as a dried extract or powder, ensuring the retention of its beneficial compounds while remaining safe and effective for pets.

Rosemary is included as a natural preservative to help extend shelf life by inhibiting oxidation of fats and oils. It also serves as a label-friendly ingredient that appeals to consumers seeking natural additives.

Vaccinium Macrocarpon, American Cranberry, Large Cranberry, Bearberry

Cranberry is a small, red berry derived from the Vaccinium macrocarpon plant, making it a plant-based ingredient. It is primarily included in pet food for its antioxidant properties and potential support of urinary tract health. Cranberry is used in its natural, whole form, ensuring pets benefit from its full spectrum of phytonutrients, vitamins, and dietary fibre.

Cranberry is included as a label-friendly ingredient to appeal to health-conscious consumers and enhance product marketability. It may also serve as a natural source of antioxidants, supporting the product’s functional claims.